Pain is an unpleasant sensation that negatively affects individual experiencing it, depending on its quality, intensity, location, and duration. One of the causes of pain among females is dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain during menstruation. A significant population of females experience mild, moderate or severe pain during menstruation. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as dysmenorrhea with the absence of any organic pathology starting 6-12 months after the menarche and frequently continuing till menopause, while secondary dysmenorrhea results from gynecologic problems such as adenomyosis, endometriosis, uterine fibroid and others.
• Undergraduate females from the 3 selected faculties in Sohag University
• Students who will refuse to participate in this study.
Pregnant females \ females with amenorrhea.
Females with gynecological problems as adenomyosis, uterine fibroids and others to exclude secondary dysmenorrhea
A cross-sectional survey will be conducted in three randomly chosen faculties' in Sohag University, The sample will be selected as follow: * 3 medical faculties were selected randomly. \[Faculty of Medicine, and faculty of Nursing\] medical female students are the study population * Students will be selected by stratified random sampling technique. * Students from each grade except the first grade will be selected by using random sampling technique after fulfilling the eligibility criteria.
Other
Cross-sectional
self administered questionnaire
Other interventionData will be collected through Self-Administered will be distributed to the students after informed consent from participants, The questionnaire is divided into five sections: - 1. The first section: Information on socio demographic and lifestyle, The survey consisted of inquiries as (sex, age, , marital status, residence, physical exercise, drinking cofee ….) 2. The second section: Including Information on menstrual history: \- Age at menarche, the regularity of menses, the presence of dysmenorrhea or not……etc. 3. The third section: The WaLIDD questionnaire, namely (Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain) The forth section: The validated dysmenorrhea and AP impact questionnaire in English was used for the survey The last section is named "DysmenQoL questionnaire" (dysmenorrhea and quality of life) . and it is represented by 20 statements about the negative effects of dysmenorrhea on quality of life
The WaLIDD questionnaire
The WaLIDD questionnaire contains 4 questions : Working ability = 0: never, 1: sometimes, 2: regularly, 3: always; Location = 0: none, 1: 1 location. 2: 2-3 locations, 3: 4 locations; Intensity = 0: never, 1: sometimes, 2: regularly, 3: always; Day of Pain = 0: none, 1: 1-2 days, 2: 3-4 days, 3: more than 5 days So, Each of the four questions is scored from 0 to 3 Total score: The total score ranges from 0 to 12 The interpretation of the WaLIDD questionnaire is as follows: 0 = No Dysmenorrhea 1-4 = Mild Dysmenorrhea 5-7 = Moderate Dysmenorrhea 8-12 = Severe Dysmenorrhea
"DysmenQoL questionnaire" (dysmenorrhea and quality of life)
it is represented by 20 statements about the negative effects of dysmenorrhea on quality of life (effects on health and feelings, relationships with family members or friends, couple relationships and professional activity). It consists of twenty statements ,the participants give a score from 1 to 5 for each statement: 1-"Never"; 2-"Few cases"; 3-"Sometimes"; 4-"Most of the time" ; 5-"Every time". We calculate the sum of the scores for each statement and we call it "DysmenQoL score" whose value could vary between 20 and 100. So, high scores indicate low quality of life. The DysmenQoL questionnaire proved to be a reliable and valid method for evaluating the impact of dysmenorrhea on the quality of life.
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