Rationale of this research is to evaluate the outcome of two widely used but biomechanically distinct techniques of Taping done for plantar fascia i.e. Fascia taping which supports the fascia, and Low dye taping which realigns with medial longitudinal arch. The significance of this study is to identify which taping technique will improve pain, ankle ROM, foot function and arch flexibility which will help clinicians in identifying the most suitable and effective taping method for the patients
Age 25-65 years
Positive Windlass test
Tenderness at medial calcaneal tubercle
Limited ankle dorsiflexion <16
Fracture of ankle or foot
Diabetes
Neuropathy
Cognitive impairments/ Psychological disorder
Parallel
Medial longitudinal arch support taping using low dye tape
Other interventionLow dye Taping which is applied by patient lying supine on treatment table. No tension is applied due to the characteristics of the tape and it is described in the following steps; placement of a strip in the area of the metatarsal heads, in the dorsal area placement of a strap on the back, forming a circle with the front strap and in the plantar area; a figure of eight was made, starting from the side of the fifth metatarsal, surrounding the heel and ending at the starting point, the same operation was performed as in point but starting from the hallux. The last part is different, as a strip at the main point of pain, that is, at the insertion towards the medial edge of the foot Ultrasound, stretching and strengthening exercises. Ultrasound will be applied for duration of 7 minutes at the plantar aspect of foot with 1.5 w/cm2 output and continuous mode of frequency of 1MHz. Stretching of gastrocnemius and soleus and towel curl exercise.
Fascia Stretch taping using KT tape
Other interventionFascia Taping which is applied in which In the first step, after the metatarsophalangeal joints were dorsiflexed, the first strap was adhered firmly to the posterior heel at its proximal end. The other end of the strap was cut into four slices of equal width. Each slice was applied with a 50% stretch (50% tensile strain) and attached to the plantar forefoot. In the second step, another strap was applied following the same pattern and overlapped the first strap. In the third step, the last strap was applied with gentle compression across the bases of the four slices beneath the foot and wrapped around the rearfoot. Dashed arrows denote the direction of stretch Ultrasound, stretching and strengthening exercises. Ultrasound will be applied for duration of 7 minutes at the plantar aspect of foot with 1.5 w/cm2 output and continuous mode of frequency of 1MHz. Stretching (5reps with 10 sec hold each stretch) of gastrocnemius and Soleus and toe curl exercise
Visual Analogue Scale to assess pain
Visual analogue scale to determine the extent of patients pain. The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity, used to record patients' pain progression, or compare pain severity between patients with similar conditions. VAS has a straight horizontal line of fixed length, usually 100 mm. The ends are defined as the extreme limits of the parameter to be measured (symptom, pain, health) orientated from the left (worst) to the right (best).
Foot Functional index
The FFI questionnaire consists of 23 self-reported items divided into 3 subcategories on the basis of patient values: pain, disability and activity limitation. The patient has to score each question on a scale from 0 (no pain or difficulty) to 10 (worst pain imaginable or so difficult it requires help), that best describes their foot over the past week. section (Pain: items 1-9; Disability: 10-18; Activity Limitation: 19-23).
Ankle ROM via Goniometry
Using a goniometer to determine the effect on ankle ROM
Arch Height Index and Arch Height flexibility using AHIMS
Arch Height Index AHI is the ratio calculated by dividing the height from the floor to the dorsum of the foot by the total foot length. Arch height flexilbility AHF is a change in arch height between sitting and standing positions. AHI= Height from floor to dorsum of foot/ Total foot length AHF mm/kN =AH sitting - AH standing/0.4 × body weight
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