Clinical Reasoning

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of serious game-based learning compared with conventional learning in improving clinical reasoning among nursing students in Vietnam. Additionally, the study will assess students' self-confidence in pediatric nursing care, intrinsic motivation, and satisfaction with the learning experience. A minimum of 104 second-year nursing students will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group (serious game-based learning) or the control group (conventional learning). Both groups will receive six teaching sessions based on the content of the Pediatric Care Nursing curriculum, conducted outside the formal curriculum, with each session lasting approximately three hours. Outcomes will be measured at multiple time points, while learning satisfaction will be assessed immediately after completion of the intervention.

This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an evidence-based respiratory and renal care training program combined with case-based discussion on nurses' clinical reasoning, knowledge \& practice, nurse-physician collaboration, as well as selected clinical outcomes among mechanically ventilated patients in a tertiary-level ICU in Bangladesh. The intervention will provide structured education and practical training to ICU nurses on evidence-based respiratory and renal care for mechanically ventilated patients. Case-based discussions will be conducted to promote clinical reasoning, evidence-based decision-making, and nurse-physician collaboration during daily ICU rounds. Nurses' outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention, focusing on clinical reasoning, knowledge, practice, and nurse-physician collaboration. Patient outcomes will be assessed using historical pre-intervention data and post-intervention data among eligible mechanically ventilated ICU patients, focusing on ventilator-associated events (VAE), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. The study is intended to determine whether evidence-based respiratory and renal care training with case-based discussion can improve ICU nurses' clinical reasoning, knowledge, practice, nurse-physician collaboration and contribute to improved outcomes among mechanically ventilated patients.

Cognitive failure under multitasking conditions has been demonstrated in various settings, including healthcare. However, in anesthesiology, the impact of multitasking on clinical performance has not yet been fully characterized. The objective of our study is to evaluate the impact of multitasking on anesthesiologists' clinical performance in a simulated setting.

This study primarily aims to evaluate the impact of a 12-week peer role-play simulation model on the professional development of undergraduate physiotherapy students. Unlike traditional teacher-led case discussions, this study explores the effect of active participation in clinical scenarios, in which students alternate between the roles of 'clinician' and 'patient', on their academic achievement, self-efficacy and perceived clinical readiness. Specifically, the study aims to determine whether this interactive, low-cost pedagogical approach is a superior alternative to conventional lecture-based methods for preparing students for real-world clinical environments, particularly in high-enrolment academic settings.

The complexity of healthcare services and technological advances today have necessitated the adoption of innovative approaches in nursing education. Among these innovative approaches, artificial intelligence (AI) has established itself as a technology that is increasingly present in nursing education processes, offering a supportive, personalized, and interactive learning experience. AI's contributions to nursing students' acquisition of fundamental competencies such as clinical decision-making, skill development, and critical thinking are rapidly increasing. Especially in high-risk, invasive, and clinically skill-intensive applications, AI-supported educational models both enhance learning quality and support patient safety. Intramuscular and subcutaneous injections are among the basic invasive skills that nursing students must learn. These applications require a high level of cognitive and psychomotor competence from students. Incorrect injection practices can lead to complications such as drug absorption problems, nerve damage, hematoma, or infection, making it critically important to teach these skills correctly and safely. In this context, AI-supported education systems stand out as an effective tool for teaching injection skills. Artificial intelligence-based chatbots provide students with both theoretical knowledge and practical guidance. For example, before injecting a muscle group, a student can learn about the anatomy of the muscle, determine the correct angle, and remember precautions against potential complications through the chatbot. Artificial intelligence also reinforces the learning process by instantly answering students' questions, preventing the acquisition of incorrect information. Recent studies emphasize that AI-supported learning tools positively influence students' attitudes toward learning, increasing their motivation and academic satisfaction levels. Accordingly, the integration of AI-based technologies in the process of training future nurses is no longer an option but a necessity. Particularly in complex and delicate skills such as intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, AI-supported chatbots can facilitate student learning, increase skill accuracy, and support clinical safety. Therefore, it is crucial for nursing education programs to combine artificial intelligence technologies with pedagogical foundations to provide student-centered, safe, and effective learning environments.

This descriptive study aims to examine the impact of pediatric nurses' hypothetical and creative reasoning skills on the quality of nursing care. The research seeks to answer the following questions: Do the sociodemographic characteristics of pediatric nurses influence the quality of nursing care they provide? Do pediatric nurses' hypothetical and creative reasoning skills affect the quality of the nursing care they deliver? Participants will be asked to select the response that best reflects their own perspective for each item. This process will take approximately 10 minutes.

The Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) is a framework that aims to support clinicians in reasoning and documenting how to deliver rehabilitation. This was explored in a pilot study in 2023 that tested the feasibility of a 6-week teaching programme aiming to support the adoption of the RTSS into practise of physiotherapists and subsequently measure its effect on clinicians reasoning of treatment. Whilst clinical reasoning scores improved, adoption of the framework remained low. Interviews within this study revealed the difficulty clinicians experienced in transitioning to documenting the RTSS. Further local work within Guy's \& St Thomas NHS foundation trust (GSTT) resulted in modified integrations of the RTSS into electronic health record systems as well as training, yet adoption still remained limited. With documentation being cited as an influence of RTSS adoption and thus contributing to its clinical benefit, this qualitative study will attempt to make clear what factors facilitate and/or limit RTSS documentation adoption, and how they exert their influence. The findings from this study will inform the design of interventions that will aid future study of benefit of the RTSS on physiotherapy practice. To achieve these aims, interviews will be conducted virtually via MS Teams, by the lead researcher, with approximately 12-16 volunteering physiotherapists who have attempted to document the RTSS, within the site of GSTT. The interviews will last approximately 1 hour, and will be partially structured in nature to invite in-depth discussion of topic. Analyses of the data will be performed by a team of 3 clinical academics working between GSTT and King's College London with study findings to be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and at professional conferences