Diet Intervention

This study is investigating the benefits of lean beef consumption on cardiometabolic health and gut microbiome.

This multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial aims to evaluate the effects of different carbohydrate intake patterns on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes. Participants will first complete a 2-week run-in period and will then be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to one of two dietary groups. Both diets provide similar proportions of total energy from carbohydrates, protein, and fat, but differ in the sources of staple carbohydrates. In the moderate carbohydrate diet group, most staple foods are refined grains, whereas in the diverse carbohydrate diet group, approximately half of the staple foods are whole grains and legumes. 80 participants will follow the assigned dietary intervention for 2 weeks, followed by a 12-week follow-up period. The primary outcome is time in range (TIR), defined as the percentage of time that glucose levels are within the target range, measured using continuous glucose monitoring. Other measures of glycemic control, glycemic variability, insulin requirements, body measurements, metabolic indicators, and safety will also be evaluated. Exploratory analyses will assess potential changes in gut microbiota, immune function, and metabolomic profiles.

This study aims to determine whether online social media campaigns improve diet quality among young adults. Young adults will be exposed to one of three social media campaigns.

People with end-stage kidney disease who receive hemodialysis are often told to strictly limit foods high in potassium, such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and whole grains. This advice is intended to prevent high blood potassium levels (hyperkalemia), which can cause dangerous heart rhythm problems. However, these restrictions can make eating difficult, reduce diet quality, and lower quality of life. New research suggests that not all sources of potassium affect the body in the same way. Potassium added to highly processed foods is more easily absorbed than potassium naturally found in whole foods like fruits and vegetables. Large studies have found little evidence that eating potassium-rich whole foods increases blood potassium levels in people on dialysis. Clinical guidelines are beginning to shift, but no high-quality clinical trial has tested whether a more flexible, food-based approach is safe for people receiving hemodialysis. This study will compare two dietary approaches in 148 adults on hemodialysis: the usual low potassium diet and a "liberalized" potassium diet that encourages minimally processed foods while limiting highly processed foods with potassium additives. Participants will receive dietitian support and grocery assistance for 12 weeks. The investigators will closely monitor blood potassium levels to ensure safety. The investigators will also examine whether the liberalized diet is as safe as standard care, and whether it improves diet quality and quality of life. The investigators will also study factors that influence the participant's ability to follow the diet in real-world settings. If safe, this approach could reduce unnecessary food restrictions, improve diet quality, and enhance quality of life for people receiving hemodialysis, while maintaining patient safety.

Background Leukaemia is the most common cancer in children with 800 diagnoses per year in England. To survive, children need strong treatments like chemotherapy and steroids given usually through clinical trials. The current trial used by the NHS is called ALLTogether. Fifty percent of children become obese during treatment due to increased hunger, cravings for junk foods and lack of physical activity. Obesity raises the chance of cancer relapse by 31%, makes treatment side-effects worse and makes it harder to kill off leukaemia cells, which affects how well children do during treatment, as indicated by minimal residual disease, a key predictor of prognosis. Aims and Objectives This study (called BREVARY) aims to see if we can successfully provide personalised diet and physical activity with behaviour support for children and young people with leukaemia who are being treated with the ALLTogether trial. It will help us figure out if we can perform a bigger study, if this programme could reduce obesity and side-effects and improve survival and wellbeing. How it will be done We plan to randomly assign participants to one of three groups; one group will get both a diet and physical activity plan, another will get only a diet plan, and the last group will receive standard care. This will take place in Hospital Infantil Universitario Nino Jesus, Madrid and Bristol Royal Hospital for Children and Southwest England NHS-sites. The diet and exercise plans will be created in partnership with the children and their families and delivered online or during regular hospital visits. The diet will follow healthy eating guidelines, consider personal food preferences (including cultural and religious needs), treatment side-effects and personal finances. Assessments of fitness and strength will be taken to plan personalised activities. During the study, the following data will also be collected: weight, height, body fat, diet, biomarkers, microbiome, muscle strength and wellbeing at three different times. "One to one" interviews will be conducted at the end to obtain feedback on their experiences with BREVARY. This study aims to find out if children and their families/carers are willing to participate in BREVARY, if enough people sign up and stay until the end and if our interventions and health measurements are appropriate. Potential Impact The results will help determine if a larger study can be performed, if changes are needed and what the cost will be. The study will be disseminated through networks, targeting underserved communities, healthcare professionals and affected families using accessible platforms to spread the word.