Postpartum

The childbirth process is associated with increased risk of having depression and persistent pain which may have adverse effects to mothers and their babies. There is a lack of routine effective programs in current healthcare practice to address, risk stratify and reduce depression and persistent pain after childbirth. The study site proposes a Collaborative Psychological Model (CPM) consisting of music listening, customized mobile application on psychological strategies, telephone-based support, with monitoring (mobile electronic surveys, wearable-based vital sign monitoring) to effectively prevent, detect, monitor, and treat depression and persistent pain after childbirth. The study will determine if using the CPM will reduce the risk of having depression associated with childbirth. The study will also find out whether the CPM will reduce the depressive symptoms in women who undergo labor that may have increased depression risk. This clinical study will involve 2042 women undergoing childbirth at KK Hospital. In addition, up to 1428 patients' partners (fathers) will also be recruited for the week 8 postpartum assessment. The study findings will improve healthcare for women in the community by incorporating digital psychological strategies to manage depression and persistent pain after childbirth. The CPM will also guide future directions to customize an individual's healthcare needs and to improve transition from hospital to community care for women after childbirth.

Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is common among postpartum women and can negatively affect abdominal muscle function and body image. Core stability exercises are widely recommended for postpartum rehabilitation; however, access to supervised physiotherapy may be limited. Tele rehabilitation may improve accessibility while maintaining treatment effectiveness. This randomized controlled trial compares tele rehabilitation-based and in-person supervised core stability exercise programs in postpartum women with diastasis recti. The primary objective is to compare changes in inter-recti distance, while the secondary objective is to compare changes in body image after an 8-week intervention

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of a couple-based collaborative lifestyle intervention among women with a history of gestational diabetes. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the intervention improve body mass index and 2-hour plasma glucose after an oral glucose tolerance test? Does the intervention improve health behaviors, psychological well-being, self-efficacy, couple functioning, and life satisfaction? Researchers will compare a couple-based collaborative lifestyle intervention with a woman-only lifestyle intervention to determine whether adding spousal collaboration and support leads to greater improvements. Participants will: Receive healthy lifestyle education posts for 3 months. In the couple-based group, also receive instant messages on behavioral promotion and couple collaboration and support videos.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to learn if a low-sodium diet improves postpartum blood pressure control in adults who were diagnosed with a late-onset hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does a low-sodium diet lead to decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) on postpartum day 7? * Does a low-sodium diet lead to a decreased MAP on postpartum day 3? * Does a low-sodium diet reduce 30-day hospital readmissions for hypertension-related indications? Participants will be provided with meals for 7 days following their delivery. The experimental diet will contain less than 2000mg of sodium daily. The control diet will have variable sodium content with no restrictions. Participants will be asked to record the food they consume over the study week. They will also be provided with a blood pressure (BP) cuff and asked to record their BP at least once daily.

Substance use during pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States, with 55-80% of postpartum patients disengaging from substance use disorder (SUD) treatment within one year of delivery. Structural and social determinants of health, including housing instability, transportation barriers, and limited childcare access, further exacerbate disparities in treatment retention. This pilot study, conducted in two specialized prenatal care clinics, evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of two integrated strategies to promote sustained engagement in recovery-oriented services during the perinatal and postpartum periods. Aim 1 implements a standardized social needs screening and referral protocol to connect patients with community-based supports. Aim 2 pilots a contingency management intervention to incentivize recovery-supportive behaviors. Findings will inform the design of a larger multi-site randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of these interventions on treatment retention, overdose prevention, and maternal-infant health outcomes.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether a postpartum chatbot powered by generative artificial intelligence (genAI) can help new mothers get better pelvic floor health information and feel less lonely after childbirth. The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does using the chatbot improve postpartum pelvic floor health knowledge? * Does using the chatbot help reduce feelings of loneliness during the postpartum period? * Does using the chatbot impact pelvic floor symptoms? Researchers will compare standard postpartum care to standard care plus the chatbot. Participants will: Be assigned by chance (like flipping a coin) to standard postpartum care with or without access to the chatbot. If in the chatbot group, participants will receive education and support via the chatbot over a 4-week period. Both groups will complete questionnaires to measure their pelvic floor knowledge, pelvic floor symptoms, feelings of loneliness, depression, infant bonding, perceived social support, adverse childhood experiences, and peri-traumatic distress. The chatbot was created by urogynecology experts in collaboration with UC San Diego computer science and biomedical informatics researchers. The chatbot is designed to give new mothers personalized, evidence-based information and support in real time.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the risk-benefit of a short-term treatment with a low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), in the postpartum period (after delivery). The main questions it aims to answer are: * compared to no treatment, does short-term postpartum LMWH modify the risk of venous thromboembolism within 90 days of delivery? * compared to no treatment, does short-term postpartum LMWH modify the risks of bleeding and wound complications? Participants will take low-dose LMWH for 7-10 days or no treatment, and will be followed for 90 days post-delivery.

The purpose of this study is to compare the use of oral apixaban to subcutaneous enoxaparin for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in postpartum women at high risk for VTE. The primary goal is to evaluate medication adherence rates and patient satisfaction with the treatment.

The lack of postpartum primary care coordination is a missed opportunity to increase primary care engagement and manage chronic conditions early in life, especially for the \>30% of pregnant people who have or are at risk for these conditions. This study aims to increase postpartum primary care engagement, quality, and experience by strengthening postpartum transitions to primary care using a behavioral economics-informed, multi-component intervention integrated into usual inpatient postpartum care. Using a randomized controlled trial and repeated outcome assessments through administrative and survey data, this study will generate rigorous, actionable evidence to ensure primary care coordination becomes standard postpartum care practice, potentially catalyzing sustained primary care engagement throughout life.

The goal of this interventional study is to compare investigate the short-term and long-term effects of 8-week real-time telehealth-based diaphragmatic breathing exercise and pelvic stabilization exercise on pain, disability, and quality of life in postpartum women with pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain.

This clinical trial aims to compare the immediate tissue response in postpartum women with and without rectus abdominis diastasis (RAD) after undergoing radiofrequency diathermy (RFD) treatment. The main question it seeks to answer is: Do postpartum women with and without RAD exhibit different acute tissue responses in terms of pressure pain threshold, superficial thermal sensitivity, and tissue elasticity? To determine whether there are differences in these acute tissue responses between the groups, researchers will compare RFD with a sham RFD intervention in postpartum women with and without RAD. Participants will receive one session of either RFD or a sham RFD intervention and will complete three assessments: one at baseline and two after the intervention, one immediately afterwards and one 20 minutes afterwards.

This study aims to create a novel visual education tool that builds on the urgent maternal warning signs identified by The Council on Patient Safety in Women's Health Care. Including effective images will improve the understanding of these grave warning signs/symptoms, improving anatomical accuracy while remaining simplistic for patients of varying levels of health care literacy. The investigative team will be focusing on urgent warning signs pertinent to the postpartum period.

The study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two core training approaches in improving urinary incontinence, pelvic floor function, and quality of life in postpartum women.

The postpartum period is associated with decreases in physical activity levels, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and pelvic floor muscle function, but little scientific evidence exists on how best to initiate and progress exercise in the postpartum period. This proposal aims to improve habitual physical activity levels, neuromuscular health (i.e., strength, fatigability, symptom burden) and overall wellbeing (i.e., decreased fear of movement, improved sleep quality, improved perception of quality of life) through participation in a weekly exercise program. This study will help to inform postpartum exercise recommendations and is novel as it allows participants to incorporate their children into the exercise routine, thus removing a primary barrier to physical activity/exercise.

The goal of this observational study with an embedded pilot clinical trial is to learn how the pelvic floor recovers after vaginal childbirth and whether early individualized pelvic floor muscle training can improve recovery in people who experience pelvic floor symptoms after vaginal delivery. The main questions it aims to answer are: * How do pelvic floor muscles and surrounding tissues change and recover during the first year after vaginal childbirth? * How are these structural changes and their recovery related to urinary, bowel, and vaginal symptoms? * In participants with pelvic floor symptoms after vaginal childbirth, does early individualized pelvic floor muscle training improve symptoms and support structural recovery compared with usual care? Researchers will compare participants who receive the early pelvic floor muscle training to those receiving standard postpartum care to see if the training helps improve pelvic floor function and reduce symptoms. Participants will: Attend clinic visits at six weeks, and six months after childbirth Complete questionnaires about urinary, bowel, and vaginal symptoms, as well as physical activity and quality of life at six weeks, and four, six months, and twelve months after childbirth Undergo clinical pelvic floor assessments, including vaginal palpation of muscle strength, tone, and perineal body stability Have ultrasound examinations of the pelvic floor to assess muscle structure, tissue integrity, and perineal body morphology For those in the pilot trial, participate in an early, individualized pelvic floor muscle training program This study will provide important information about how the pelvic floor heals after childbirth, how structural changes are linked to symptoms, and whether early personalized training can help prevent long-term problems.

This study will examine a 12-week online core stability program for postpartum women, where participants will complete supervised sessions three times per week and will be compared with an education-only group. The intervention group will participate in supervised, real-time sessions via a video-conferencing platform, three times per week for 12 weeks. Exercises combine isometric and dynamic core stability tasks, progressing in difficulty over time. Dynamic postural control will be assessed using the lower quarter Y-Balance Test (YBT-LQ), while trunk endurance will be measured using the flexor endurance, extensor endurance, and side bridge tests.

The goal of this observational study is to develop and evaluate an organ dysfunction score adapted to pregnancy and early puerperium (SOFA-OBS) that also incorporates a non-invasive tool to evaluate respiratory function (pulse oximeter). The main question it aims to answer is: Does an organ dysfunction score adapted to pregnant and postpartum patients have a higher capacity to predict mortality than a non-adjusted organ dysfunction score? Participants: Patients requiring ICU (Intensive Care Units) admission, who are either pregnant or postpartum (up to 3 days after giving birth). The investigators aimed to include 130 participants. The investigators will only collect participants' data and laboratory results that ICU doctor usually need for clinical practice. No additional interventions are required. Moreover, the investigators will evaluate if measuring participants' oxygenation through a non-invasive tool (pulse oximeter) is equally effective as measuring oxygenation by an arterial puncture. Background: When managing severely ill patients in ICU, the investigators often use what it is called scores. Scores refer to a numerical value assigned to a patient's condition, which often predict outcome. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is a scoring system that assess severity of organ dysfunction (in liver, kidney, blood pressure, respiratory, neurologic and platelets). It also identifies patients with severe infections (sepsis) and patients with bad outcomes. Patients undergoing pregnancy or early postpartum develop physiological changes, such us a decrease in creatinine (a laboratory test measuring kidney function) and a decrease in blood pressure during the second trimester. These changes are not considered by the SOFA score. Actually, there is not an organ dysfunction score adapted to pregnant/postpartum patients to be used in the ICU. Moreover, a blood sample taken by arterial puncture is required to evaluate respiratory function by the SOFA score, which is a painful procedure. Instead, the investigators could evaluate respiratory function using a pulse oximeter, which measures peripheral oxygen saturation without needing an arterial puncture. Potential benefits: A SOFA-OBS would hopefully become a more precise tool than general SOFA to evaluate organ dysfunction and to predict outcome among these patients. It would also help to detect sepsis earlier and treat it promptly, which might help reducing its mortality.

This online registry aims to understand the potential benefits and safety of external trigeminal nerve stimulation for the treatment of migraine in pregnant women. Women do not need to use external trigeminal nerve stimulation or any other form of migraine treatment to participate in the registry. The main question it aims to answer is: Is external trigeminal nerve stimulation a safe and effective option for migraine treatment during and after pregnancy? There are no required changes in migraine treatment to participate in this registry. Participants may or may not use external trigeminal nerve stimulation or any other treatment they currently use and may still participate in the registry. There are no clinic or research visits, as the registry is entirely online. Participants will be asked to complete up to six 15- 20-minute surveys over a time period of up to 12 months.

The objective of our study is to evaluate the impact of vaccine funding for patients seen in outpatient consultations within four healthcare institutions in the Ile-de-France region in France, made possible through the establishment of a tripartite agreement between the hospital group, the Île-de-France Regional Health Agency (ARS IDF), and the Primary Health Insurance Fund (CPAM).

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of mandala coloring on anxiety, fatigue, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and mother-infant bonding in postpartum mothers. The sample consists of women who have had a cesarean section at Kayseri City Hospital within the last year. Data will be collected using a Personal Information Form, the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale, the Short Form of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, the Chalder Fatigue Scale, and the Maternal Attachment Scale. Mothers meeting the inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group will be informed that they will begin mandala coloring one week after their cesarean delivery. They will be asked to color a mandala twice a week for a total of 5 weeks, with each coloring session lasting 30 minutes. To eliminate the possibility of mothers forgetting to color the mandala, the researcher will send reminder messages twice a week starting from the end of the first week. The Personal Information Form will be collected through face-to-face interviews while the mothers are in the hospital. Mothers in the control group will receive routine hospital care and will not paint mandalas. Researchers will call all mothers at the end of weeks 1 and 2 to administer the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale and the Short Form of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, and at the end of weeks 4 and 6 to administer questions from the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale, Short Form of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, Chalder Fatigue Scale, and Maternal Attachment Scale, recording their responses.

The overarching goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to test the efficacy of the mHealth app (BumptUp) for improving physical activity levels among pregnant and postpartum women in a rural setting. Secondary outcomes include weight status, dietary intake, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, and mental health. Specific Aim 1. Conduct an RCT (N=176) to assess the efficacy of the mHealth intervention for increasing physical activity levels during pregnancy (13-15, 23-25, and 35-37 weeks gestation) and postpartum (6 and 12 weeks) among women in a rural setting. Research Activities: The efficacy of BumptUp® will be determined by measuring physical activity levels (via accelerometry and surveys) between women who use the mobile app (intervention) and women who use only an educational brochure (attention control). Specific Aim 2: Assess the efficacy of the mHealth intervention on important obstetric outcomes including maternal weight status, dietary intake, glucose tolerance, blood pressure, and mental health. Research Activities: Maternal weight status, glucose tolerance, and blood pressure values will be obtained from patient charts. Dietary intake will be assessed via the National Cancer Institute Multifactor Screener. Maternal mental health status will be measured via The Edinberg Postpartum Depression Questionnaire, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

Becoming parents exerts powerful and long-lasting effects on couples' well-being and quality of life. The transition to parenthood (TtP; pregnancy to 12-months postpartum) poses significant challenges as couples balance the task of caring for a newborn while maintaining their romantic relationship. One crucial way that couples sustain their connection is through their sexuality. Most new parents experience significant disruptions to their sexual well-being (i.e., sexual satisfaction, desire, distress), with sexual concerns such as reduced sexual frequency and lack of time and energy for sex being nearly ubiquitous. Simultaneously, most new parents lack easily accessible, reliable information on the common sexual changes associated with the TtP and there is a lack of evidence-based research aimed at helping couples navigate changes to their sexual well-being across this life transition. The investigators have identified risk (e.g., stress) and protective (e.g., intimacy) factors for couples' sexual well-being across the TtP that can be targeted in a prevention program, though no such programs exist. The goal of this two-centre randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy of STORK (Supporting the Transition to Parenthood through Online Sex and Relationship Knowledge), a novel couple-based online program to support new parents' sexual well-being. This program comprises psychoeducation about common sexual changes as well as skills that couples can develop together to manage these changes and constitutes the first evidence-based program for new parent couples' sexual well-being. The investigators expect that, compared to a waitlist control group, couples who complete STORK will have better sexual, relational, and psychological adjustment across the transition to parenthood (from 13 to 27-weeks gestation to 12-months postpartum). Given that up to 78% of new parents report receiving little-to-no information about what to expect regarding changes to their postpartum sexual relationship, this study addresses the need for accessible, couple-based supports for this commonly challenging transition. By strengthening couples' sexual relationships, the results of this research have the potential to promote the quality of new parents' relationships, strengthening the overall well-being of their families during this critical life stage.

The purpose of this prospective observational study is to gather exploratory and practical use data of the Dexcom Stelo Glucose Biosensing System (Stelo), an over-the-counter (OTC) real-time Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) system among patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in their most recent pregnancy.

Postpartum remote blood pressure monitoring programs for patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are becoming part of standard postpartum management. Existing programs range in duration from 2 to 6 weeks but there has not been any evaluation as to what program duration is optimal. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of program duration on clinical outcomes for patients participating in a single institution's postpartum remote blood pressure monitoring program for patients with HDP.

The principal aim of this study is to evaluate the usability of the Hope-D gestational and 6 months postpartum weight management program. We will evaluate the usability, functionality, and acceptability of the developed Hope-D weight management program that includes digital pathway for weight management, general or individual weight management plan and individual or group coaching for weight management from pregnancy to 6 months postpartum.