Sleep

Background: Poor sleep is common among refugee groups worldwide. It can lead to an increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and premature death. It can also worsen mental health disorders. Researchers have studied the mental health issues among refugees from Bhutan in the United States. Now they want to understand more about how difficulty sleeping may relate to their other health outcomes. Objective: To learn how the social and environmental conditions Bhutanese refugees affect their sleep health and health outcomes. Eligibility: Refugees aged 18 years and older of Bhutanese-Nepali or Bhutanese American descent. The participants must live in central Ohio. Also needed are people aged 18 years and older who interact with Bhutanese refugees in this region. Design: Participants will participate in a focus group discussion. The group will have 8 to 10 participants. It will last 60 to 90 minutes. They will talk about their experiences as a refugee and their sleep health. Topics may include adjusting to a new culture; access to housing and health care; and experiences with differential treatment by members inside and outside of their group. The study team will audio record the discussion. They will not share the recording with anyone. Participants will complete a short questionnaire. They will answer questions about their age, sex, language preferences, and how long they have lived in the United States. Participants who are not refugees will take part in a virtual interview led by a member of the study team. Participants will share their experiences with adapting to a new culture, differential treatment, and other factors have affected refugees sleep. The interview will take about 1 hour.

Background: \- Many psychiatric, behavioral, and developmental disorders are genetic. This means that they tend to run in families. Some begin in childhood, while others do not appear until adulthood. Researchers want to look at people of all ages who have these disorders that started in childhood. They will also look at relatives of people with these disorders. This information will allow doctors to learn more about childhood behavioral problems and how they are inherited. It may also help doctors treat those disorders. Objectives: \- To study the onset and treatment of childhood behavioral, psychiatric, and developmental disorders. Eligibility: * Individuals of any age who have a psychiatric, autism spectrum, or developmental disorder, or other behavioral problems. * Family members of individuals with the above disorders. This group may include parents, grandparents, siblings, aunts/uncles, cousins, and children. Design: \- Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam. They may have a psychiatric history with tests of thinking, judgment, and behavior....

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine if asynchronous psychoeducational sleep intervention works to improve college students' levels of self-reported sleep health literacy, sleep quality, and executive functioning. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can an educational sleep intervention improve college students' sleep health literacy and sleep quality? Does improved sleep health literacy impact sleep quality? Does improved sleep improve executive functioning in a college student sample? The hypotheses of the present study include the following: * College students with poor sleep quality will have lower executive functioning * College students who participate in a brief educational sleep intervention will have more improvements in sleep health literacy compared to college students who do not * College students who participate in a brief educational sleep intervention will have more improvements in sleep quality compared to college students who do not * College students who participate in a brief educational sleep intervention will have more improvements in executive functioning compared to college students who do not. Researchers will compare the intervention group to a wait-list control group to see if college students who watch the psychoeducational sleep intervention have more improvements in sleep quality, sleep health literacy, and executive functioning than those who do not. Participants will: * Complete a pre-intervention survey * Respond to a post-intervention survey six weeks after the pre-intervention survey * Be randomly assigned to watch a 30-to 45-minute psychoeducational sleep lecture video either during the pre-intervention survey or after the post-intervention survey

The investigators are studying relationships among eye pathology, pupil responses to light, sleep, circadian rhythms, and hormones in healthy individuals and those with various medical disorders or illnesses. All participants will: * Answer questionnaires about their health * Receive an eye exam, * For one week at home, participants will track their sleep and wake using actigraphy (wrist worn wearable) and an online sleep diary. * Complete a pupillometry session (measuring pupil size in response to different lighting) at MGH Participants may also choose to participate in the following additional procedures in any order: * Within one week of their pupillometry session, an at-home saliva collection under dim light. Saliva melatonin can be analyzed to determine Dim-Light-Melatonin-Onset (DLMO), a marker of circadian timing. * If participants participate in one night saliva collection, a second night of at-home saliva collection with a bright light exposure to calculate melatonin suppression in response to light.

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess differences in the fecal microbiota and metabolome associated with insufficient and sufficient sleep, and to evaluate the response and recovery of the microbiota to changes in participant sleep profiles. Researchers will compare the effect of sleep intervention on both insufficient and sufficient sleepers to identify differences in fecal microbiota structure and function between cohorts during habitual sleep and during the sleep alteration intervention period.. Participants will be assigned to one of two cohorts based on their current sleep habits. Cohort 1 are participants who have insufficient sleep at baseline; this cohort will be assigned to spend 1.5 hours more in bed per night. Cohort 2 are participants who have sufficient sleep at baseline; this cohort will be assigned to spend 1.5 hours less in bed per night. The sleep intervention lasts for 14 days.

The overall goal is to determine how a sleep extension intervention (increasing time in bed) in individuals who maintain less than 6.5 hours sleep per night affects their plasma ceramides and insulin sensitivity. Participants will undergo a randomized controlled trial, with sleep extension (intervention) and healthy lifestyle (control) groups. The sleep extension is designed to increase participant's time in bed by 2 hours per night. Alternatively, the control group will receive basic health information (e.g., physical activity, goal setting, and nutrition when eating out).

The overall goal is to examine the efficacy of a circadian intervention in people with overweight and obesity and habitual short sleep duration (HSSD). Participants will undergo a randomized controlled trial, with circadian intervention and control (healthy lifestyle) groups. The circadian intervention is designed to reduce nighttime light exposure and after-dinner snack food intake. Alternatively, the control group will receive basic health information (e.g., physical activity, goal setting, and nutrition when eating out).

This study will examine the effects of combining different types of dietary supplements on various aspects of health and wellbeing in middle aged women. The main outcomes of the trial will be aspects of health and wellbeing that middle aged women report as increasingly problematic, such as joint pain, fatigue, sleep, and changes in body composition, strength, and inflammation. Participants will consume the supplement(s) or placebo for 8 weeks, and outcome measures will be assessed before and after supplementation.

This is a cross-sectional study with an optional intervention that will examine how extreme sleep durations relate to cardiovascular health, physical activity, and sleep quality by studying three groups of participants: short sleepers (≤ 6 hrs), long sleepers (≥ 9 hrs), and average duration sleepers (7-8 hrs). The optional intervention asks participants to maintain an 8-hour per night regular sleep schedule for one week.

The aggregate of microorganisms inhabiting the human body can be regarded as a dynamic reflector of both healthy and disease states, altering in response to changes in the environment. This may precede clinically detectable disease; and thereby, could be used to predict disease onset and additionally monitor response to treatment and predict prognosis. The primary hypothesis of this pilot study is that the human microbial communities are influenced by sleep and altered in humans with abnormal sleep patterns, and they may ultimately relate to disease risk.

The main objective of this study is to compare medication (usual care; active comparator) with acupuncture (as experimental intervention) to identify the most (cost)effective and environmentally sustainable intervention to reduce depression, anxiety and comorbid sleep disorders in adults (18-65) in China.

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a high-intensity martial art that imposes significant physical and physiological demands on practitioners, including rigorous training and frequent competitions, which can result in chronic inflammation, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), sleep disturbances, and reduced quality of life. Effective recovery strategies are essential to optimize athletic performance and longevity in the sport. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent due to its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective properties. Preclinical studies indicate that CBD modulates inflammatory pathways, such as inhibition of NF-κB and NLRP3, thereby reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β, while increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In clinical contexts, CBD has shown potential to attenuate DOMS and improve sleep without the adverse effects associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). However, evidence in BJJ athletes remains limited, with gaps in the translation of preclinical findings to healthy athletic populations. The prevalence of injuries in combat sports can reach 28%, with contusions and sprains being common and further exacerbating inflammation and pain. Although approximately 23.4% of athletes report cannabis use, there is a lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) specifically for BJJ evaluating isolated CBD at standardized doses. Furthermore, concerns regarding hepatotoxicity, monitored through enzymes such as AST and ALT, require rigorous safety evaluation. This protocol describes an RCT to investigate the effects of 200 mg/day of isolated CBD for 12 weeks in BJJ athletes, focusing on sensitive inflammatory markers (IL-6 as the primary pro-inflammatory marker and IL-10 as the anti-inflammatory marker), pain, sleep, and quality of life. The study aims to address gaps identified in systematic reviews and provide an evidence-based foundation for future recommendations.

The purpose of the research study is to examine the effects of shortened sleep on blood pressure.

In predominantly medication-naïve schizophrenic patients, those exhibiting partial metabolic disorders have significantly worse sleep quality and sleep onset time; poor sleep predicted metabolic dysregulation even after controlling for confounding factors. Mental health, sleep, and eating behavior interact in ways that strongly influence the risk of obesity and MetS. Emotional eating (eating in response to emotions rather than hunger) is central to this network and appears to be closely associated with psychiatric illnesses, particularly depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. There is a continuing need to elucidate the frequency, level, and relationship of emotional eating with other factors in individuals with SMI. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate this complex relationship, thereby shedding light on new ways to reduce metabolic risks in psychiatric patients.

The overarching aim is to improve cardiometabolic health and promote healthy ageing by supporting adults to adopt favourable lifestyle patterns identified through our observational research. The trial will recruit n=600 to be involved in Phase I (referred to as the "Optimisation Phase") of a two-phase project (Phase II trial registration will be submitted separately). All participants will complete a baseline study visit where, after consent taking, will complete a baseline questionnaire, receive a smartwatch each and additional wearables if applicable, and download the study app for the receiving and testing of interventions and completion of short form surveys. Participants will be involved in the continual evaluation and optimisation of ecological momentary interventions (EMIs) in adaptive, factorial, micro-randomised trials over 12 months. Consenting participants may also be contacted to participate in interviews to be involved in the co-design of interventions, or to provide insights to the feasibility and process evaluation of the trial.

This is a two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled feasibility trial involving 40 community-dwelling adults with chronic stroke and ongoing sleep or circadian difficulties. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either an individualized behavioral sleep intervention or an attention-matched health education program. Before randomization, participants will complete questionnaires assessing sleep and related health outcomes, maintain a sleep diary, and wear a wrist-worn activity monitor for seven days. Participants will then attend six weekly, individual, face-to-face sessions lasting approximately one hour each. The behavioral sleep intervention will provide individualized education and behavioral strategies to support sleep and daily sleep-wake functioning following stroke. The comparison program will provide education about stroke, sleep, and general health. The two programs will be matched in session frequency and duration. Following the six-week program, participants will repeat the questionnaires, sleep diary, and seven-day wrist-monitoring assessment. Participants will also provide feedback about their experiences with the study and program. The trial will evaluate recruitment, retention, attendance, intervention delivery, acceptability, fidelity, and safety. Preliminary changes in sleep and sleep-wake outcomes will also be examined.

This study will examine the effects of combining different types of dietary supplements on various aspects of health and wellbeing in middle aged women. The main outcomes of the trial will be aspects of health and wellbeing that middle aged women report as increasingly problematic, such as joint pain, fatigue, sleep, and changes in body composition, strength, and inflammation. Participants will consume the supplement(s) or placebo for 8 weeks, and outcome measures will be assessed before and after supplementation.

A human trial with blind method and self-control design was carried out to evaluate the sleep-improving function of a food. Indicators were detected by professional instruments and self-assessed by subjects. Relevant data before and after 28 consecutive days of test sample administration were collected for comparative analysis.

The goal of this study is to examine the relationship between sensory responsivity, bedtime arousal levels, sleep disturbances, and daytime emotion dysregulation for autistic children (ages 6-10). In a subset of children with elevated sensory responsivity, a sensory-based bedtime manipulation targeting bedtime arousal levels will be tested.

The primary objective of the SLEEPLAY study is to assess the feasibility of a research protocol investigating the impact of video games on sleep in adults. More specifically, this study aims to identify potential barriers, facilitators of participation, and participant adherence to various measurement tools (such as actigraphy and melatonin assays) to validate the protocol for a larger future study. Additionally, it seeks to optimize the recruitment of regular adult gamers and determine the conditions that will enable better collection of objective sleep data. The relevance of this feasibility study lies in its ability to test and refine the methodology, thereby facilitating future research while minimizing costs and implementation time.

This prospective observational study aims to describe the effectiveness of MC on pain, epilepsy, sleep and /or anxiety/depression in a cohorts of patients authorized to use MC, using pre-defined, validated self assessment scales.

This study is being performed to understand the effects of a lifestyle modification and sleep intervention on weight loss outcomes in adolescence. The main question the study aims to answer is: \- What are the initial effects of a lifestyle modification and sleep intervention, including effects on weight, eating behaviors and dietary intake, and sleep? Participants will: * Participate in remote, group-based, weekly weight loss and sleep coaching for 16 weeks. * Complete study assessments at baseline (pre-intervention), mid-intervention, and post-intervention. * Complete daily sleep diaries for three 7-day periods at each assessment point.

The purpose of this research study is to compare the effects of cannabidiol (CBD), tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or both, on sleep and pain in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). Little is known about how CBD and/or THC may help sleep, reduce pain, or perhaps even treat pain through better sleep.

This clinical trial aims to find out whether a circadian-synchronized breast milk feeding approach can help improve sleep in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study mainly aims to answer the following questions: Can this feeding approach improve sleep in preterm infants? Can this feeding approach help preterm infants develop more regular sleep patterns compared with routine breast milk feeding? Researchers will compare a feeding approach that tries to match the time when breast milk was expressed with the time when the baby is fed, with routine breast milk feeding, to see whether this method can improve sleep in preterm infants. Participants will: Be randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: circadian-synchronized breast milk feeding or routine breast milk feeding. Receive the assigned feeding approach for at least 2 weeks during the study. Have one 12-hour continuous sleep monitoring session at 37 weeks of corrected age. Have changes in different sleep states recorded and analyzed during the study, so that sleep patterns can be compared between the 2 groups.

NeoNOVA is a multi-site, prospective, single-arm, silent observational study to determine: among (Population) infants admitted to newborn services during their inpatient hospital stay, whether (Intervention) continuous bedside non-contact high definition video running real-time AI analysis of anatomic landmarks and movement, (Comparison) compared against human-labeled video frames and standardized clinical exams, will (Outcome) accurately localize infant anatomic landmarks (primary objective; outcome median position error in pixels) and demonstrate a statistically significant association between a video-derived movement index and clinical measures of patient neurological exams (secondary objective; outcomes N-PASS and modified Sarnat exams).