Wound Infection

Post-operative wound issues in abdominal surgery have a significant impact on patient outcomes. This study is taking place to investigate if Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) dressings reduces Surgical Site Infections, post surgical complications and improves scar appearance compared to standard dressings.

Burn wound infections remain a major source of morbidity in patients with thermal injuries and contribute to delayed healing, graft loss, and prolonged hospitalization. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms further complicates management and highlights the need for non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an antimicrobial approach that combines a photosensitizing agent with visible light to generate reactive oxygen species capable of killing bacteria. This randomized clinical trial will evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of burn wound bacterial contamination. Participants receiving standard burn care will be randomized to receive either methylene blue-photodynamic therapy with blue light illumination or light therapy alone during routine dressing changes. Treatments will occur during two consecutive dressing changes. The primary objective is to determine whether methylene blue photodynamic therapy reduces bacterial burden in burn wounds compared with light therapy alone. Secondary outcomes include safety, tolerability, and effects on wound healing.

This study aims to evaluate a new wound treatment called cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for patients receiving extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Patients on extracorporeal life support (ECLS) often develop wounds at the sites where tubes are inserted, and these wounds can be difficult to heal and prone to infection. cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a gentle, non-heat treatment that can kill bacteria, reduce inflammation, and promote wound healing. In this study, patients will be randomly assigned to receive either standard wound care alone or standard care plus cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment. Researchers will compare both groups to see whether cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can reduce infection, improve healing speed, and decrease the need for additional procedures. The study will also monitor safety to ensure the treatment is well tolerated. The goal is to find a more effective and safe way to improve wound healing in critically ill patients.

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether the wireless electroceutical dressing (WED) called PowerHeal™ Bioelectric Bandage, improves care of infected wounds by clearing the infection and helping the wound heal better. The main hypotheses it aims to answer are: 1. WED promotes wound closure, as determined by wound area measurement 2. WED manages wound infection in civilian and military wounds in Ukraine, as determined by clinical assessment of wound infection by measuring the numbers and types of relevant microbes. Researchers will compare to see if PowerHeal™ Bioelectric Bandage the dressing used in the SOC group Participants will get their dressings changed per the protocol, wound image and swab will be taken.

Diabetes is one of the major chronic diseases. Diabetic ulcers are important adverse outcomes of diabetes. Approximately 80% of lower - limb amputations are caused by diabetic foot ulcers, which are the main causes of disability and death among patients. Moreover, it places a huge burden on the medical insurance system. Currently, there are western medicine treatment guidelines for diabetic foot, yet the clinical efficacy is less than satisfactory. The amputation rate caused by diabetic foot ulcers continues to rise every year. There is an urgent clinical need for novel and effective intervention measures to address this disease. Macrophages are important cells involved in the inflammatory and proliferative phases of wounds, playing a crucial role in wound repair and reconstruction. Diabetes can cause wounds to remain in the pro - inflammatory stage continuously, leading to the aggregation of M1 macrophages and preventing their timely transformation into the pro - proliferative and repair stage. As a result, wounds exhibit persistent chronic inflammation and delayed tissue proliferation or remodeling. Xianglei Tangzu Ointment is a natural medicine approved for marketing by the National Medical Products Administration in November 2023. Its ingredients include Pogostemon cablin extract and asiaticoside. Research shows that the plant components in Xianglei Tangzu Ointment can promote the transformation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages, thereby reducing the inflammatory response and accelerating the proliferative repair of diabetic wounds. It has achieved certain curative effects in the clinical treatment of promoting wound healing. In order to use Xianglei Tangzu Ointment more precisely, accumulate clinical evidence - based medicine evidence, and explore the effectiveness and safety of Xianglei Tangzu Ointment in treating diabetic ulcers under the guidance of the chronic wound staging theory, clinical evidence - based medicine evidence needs to be obtained.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is a prevalent condition, up to 9% in women and 0.6% in men. Surgical decompression in the most effective treatment. After surgery, approximately 1,8% of the patients develop a wound infection. Possibly, the type of sutures used can influence the prevalence of wound infection. In this RCT the incidence of infection is investigated between the use of absorbable versus non-absorbable sutures in carpal tunnel release.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the outcomes of High-volume saline irrigation vs Povidone-iodine solution cleaning of the intraoperative incision wound in preventing superficial surgical site infections in patients undergoing emergency laparotomies. The main question it aims to answer are: * Incidence of SSI after intervention * Length of hospital stay Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups receiving either of the two groups: Group A: 1000ml of IOWI with saline solution prior to incision closure Group B: The incisional wound will be closed conventionally without irrigation. Researchers will compare groups A( experimental group) and B (control group) to compare the incidence of superficial surgical site infections after intervention.

PENGUIN is a pragmatic multi-center trial investigating the effects of pre-operative mouthwash and perioperative oxygen on the incidences of pneumonia and surgical site infection (SSI) following major abdominal surgery. Patients will be recruited from low and middle income countries and randomly assigned to a trial treatment arms: a) pre-operative chlorhexidine mouthwash and 80-100% FiO2; b) no pre-operative mouthwash and 80-100% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2); c) pre-operative chlorhexidine mouthwash and 21- 30% FiO2; or d) no pre-operative mouthwash and 21-30% FiO2.

At least ten percent of trauma patients suffer from any sort of complication. The study aims to identify a risk factor profile to early identify trauma patients at risk.

The hypothesis of the study is that hematological indices (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio and systemic index of inflammation) may be predictors of infectious complications and multiple organ dysfunction in patients after cardiac surgery.

The 2023 World Journal of Emergency Surgery guidelines couldn't provide a recommendation for emergency abdominal wall closure due to insufficient consensus (\>80% required). Available evidence, predominantly retrospective and heterogeneous, lacks differentiation between urgent and elective colorectal surgeries. Therefore, we advocate for a study comparing laparotomy closures in emergency colorectal surgery to contribute evidence on incisional hernia incidence and subsequent complications.

In the latest guidelines for abdominal wall closure in emergency surgery published in the World Journal of Emergency Surgery (WJES) in 2023, no specific recommendations are made in this regard. Current literature does not provide any articles comparing these two types of mesh materials (PP vs PVDF) in emergency colorectal surgery. It is necessary to conduct a study comparing these two types of mesh materials, specifically in high-risk patients for incisional hernia and emergency colorectal surgery. This study aims to contribute to generating evidence regarding differences in wound infection incidence and potential subsequent complications, such as chronic pain. It is essential to conduct a study comparing different methods of laparotomy closure, specifically in emergency colorectal surgery, to contribute valuable evidence regarding the incidence of incisional hernia and potential subsequent complications.

The purpose of this randomized control trial is to compare the rate of post-operative infection in patients with open fractures in upper or lower extremity long bones randomized to receive intra-operative intrawound topical vancomycin powder on their open fractures in addition to the current best practice of intravenous antibiotics with irrigation and debridement compared to intravenous antibiotics with irrigation and debridement alone during definitive operative fixation of the fracture.

This study aims to investigate the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on reducing wound infection rates following open repair of primary elective groin hernias in high-risk patients.

Animal injuries are a significant public health issue, with the most common being bites or scratches from cats and dogs. Every year, over 40 million people in China are bitten or scratched by cats and dogs, which can lead to wound infections and even systemic complications, with infection rates ranging from 10% to 80%. However, there is still no better way to reduce wound infection rates in current clinical studies and guidelines. Incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) is a new wound treatment technology developed in recent years. It creates a negative pressure environment on sutured or closed wounds, helps to fix the edges of the incision together, reduce lateral tension on the wound, stimulate blood perfusion at the edge of the wound, remove fluid from the wound, and act as an external pollution barrier. INPWT has been widely used for postoperative wound healing in surgery, but there is currently a lack of effective clinical trials on its ability to prevent wound infections caused by animal injuries and promote wound healing. This study aims to apply iNPWT technology to the wounds of patients with rabies grade III exposure who underwent primary suturing, and compare it with wounds covered with ordinary gauze after previous primary suturing to determine whether it can help reduce postoperative incision infection rates and promote wound healing. This will provide high-quality clinical evidence for the widespread use of wound management in rabies grade III exposure patients in the future.