Clinical trials

Dental anxiety and uncooperative behavior frequently interfere with the successful delivery of dental treatment in children and may increase the need for pharmacological behavior management. Storytelling is a widely used non-pharmacological behavior guidance technique that can improve participants' familiarity with the dental environment and enhance cooperation. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable the development of personalized storybooks tailored to each participant's individual characteristics and preferences, which may improve engagement with behavior guidance interventions. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the effectiveness of three behavior guidance approaches in pediatric participants receiving dental treatment: (1) an AI-generated personalized dental storybook, (2) a standard dental storybook, and (3) standard behavior guidance alone. Eligible participants will be randomly allocated to one of the three study groups. The AI-generated storybook will be individually designed according to each participant's characteristics and interests, whereas the standard storybook will contain the same dental theme without personalization. Participants in the control group will receive routine non-pharmacological behavior guidance used in pediatric dental practice. Behavioral cooperation, dental anxiety, treatment acceptance, and other prespecified outcomes will be assessed using validated measurement tools before and during dental treatment.

This prospective observational cohort study evaluates whether respiratory-cycle variation in internal jugular vein (IJV) diameter, measured by point-of-care ultrasound, correlates with clinical disease severity in infants 1-23 months of age presenting with acute bronchiolitis. Using a standardized M-mode protocol, the IJV Variability Index (\[IJVmax-IJVmin\]/IJVmax x 100) will be calculated and compared with the Wang Bronchiolitis Severity Score, four additional validated clinical severity instruments (Modified Tal Score, Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument, Kristjansson Respiratory Score, Respiratory Assessment Change Score), oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, need for high-flow nasal cannula or supplemental oxygen, pediatric intensive care unit admission, and length of hospital stay. Concurrent lung and diaphragm point-of-care ultrasound will be performed to build a multimodal ultrasound severity model. No intervention is assigned; all ultrasound assessments are performed in addition to standard clinical care and do not alter treatment decisions.

Orthopedic shoulder surgeries are associated with severe postoperative pain, particularly within the first 24-48 hours after surgery. In postoperative pain management, single or continue interscalene brachial plexus blocks, acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids administered as needed are commonly used as components of multimodal analgesia. Rebound pain is defined as severe postoperative pain (VAS ≥ 7) occurring within the first 24 hours after resolution of the block. It is considered an adverse effect of regional anesthesia and typically develops 8-12 hours after a single-shot nerve block. Risk factors for rebound pain include pre-existing pain, female sex, younger age, bone surgery, lack of intraoperative dexamethasone administration, and inadequate analgesia. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous dexketoprofen administered during the postoperative period on the incidence and severity of rebound pain in patients undergoing shoulder surgery with interscalene brachial plexus block

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an avatar-based education and counseling program in increasing spousal support during menopause. The study will include menopausal women and their spouses. Participants will be assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a structured online avatar-based education and counseling program, while the control group will receive routine care. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the intervention, as well as during follow-up periods.

Depression is a common and serious mental health condition that affects mood, thoughts, behavior, and overall quality of life. It arises from a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. While depression is more frequently diagnosed in women, research suggests that men may experience and express depressive symptoms differently. Men are more likely to display symptoms such as irritability, anger, impulsivity, or increased alcohol use, and they may be less likely to seek professional psychological support due to social expectations and fear of stigma. Stigma-both self-stigma (internalized negative beliefs about having a mental illness) and perceived social stigma (concerns about being judged by others)-can negatively influence individuals' willingness to seek help and adhere to treatment. In addition, psychological resilience, defined as the ability to cope effectively with stress and adversity, may play an important role in how individuals experience depressive symptoms and respond to treatment. This study aims to compare women and men diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder in terms of depression severity, gender-sensitive depressive symptoms, self-stigma, perceived social stigma, and levels of psychological resilience. It will also examine the relationships among these factors to better understand how gender-related differences influence the experience and management of depression. Findings from this study may contribute to improved recognition of gender-specific features of depression, reduction of stigma, and the development of more individualized and effective mental health interventions for both women and men.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children and contributes substantially to pediatric emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations. In Türkiye, nationally representative prospective data describing the epidemiology, clinical spectrum, and resource utilization of RSV-positive children presenting to pediatric EDs remain limited. This multicenter prospective observational study aims to characterize demographic and clinical features of RSV-positive children under 5 years of age presenting to participating pediatric EDs across two consecutive RSV seasons, and to quantify key healthcare utilization outcomes, including ED observation duration, hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Acute diarrhea due to infectious causes is a major source of morbidity in the pediatric population. Although it is generally self-limiting, acute diarrhea may lead to severe dehydration, hospitalization, and, rarely, death, particularly in young children. Numerous studies have investigated the role of probiotics and other microbiota-targeted therapies in improving the clinical course of infectious acute diarrhea. The first multicenter PROBAGE study conducted in Türkiye 15 years ago provided valuable evidence regarding the efficacy of probiotics in this context. Over the past 15 years, changes in epidemiology-especially in the post-pandemic period-have created a need for new studies evaluating the effectiveness of probiotics in acute diarrhea. The PROBAGE 2.0.1 study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in children in Türkiye. This is a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial, to be conducted across seven tertiary care medical centers nationwide. A total of 480 children with acute infectious diarrhea will be enrolled. At the initial presentation, stool samples will be collected to identify rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus as causative pathogens. The treatment group (n = 240) will receive standard of care plus Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (one sachet twice daily for 5 or 10 days), whereas the control group (n = 240) will receive standard of care alone. Daily monitoring of stool frequency and consistency will be documented for 10 days, by families for outpatients and by physicians and nurses for hospitalized patients. Provided that sufficient data are obtained, data analysis and publication phases will be completed.

This observational cross-sectional case-control study aims to evaluate the effects of menopausal status on escitalopram metabolism in women. The study will include premenopausal and menopausal women aged 40-60 years who are currently receiving escitalopram treatment and have applied to the Psychiatry Clinic of Eskişehir Osmangazi University. The study aims to identify pharmacokinetic differences associated with hormonal status and to investigate their potential clinical implications. Findings from this research are expected to contribute to the development of evidence-based, individualized treatment strategies for women in menopausal transition.

Colonoscopy is a routine procedure for evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms, detecting colorectal cancer, and removing polyps. Its effectiveness depends on patient compliance with bowel preparation instructions. However, inadequate bowel preparation occurs in 20-25% of colonoscopies, often due to non-adherence, medical conditions, or long waiting times. Poor preparation can reduce examination quality, prevent detection of precancerous lesions, and increase healthcare costs. Video-based education has been shown to be more effective than written or verbal instructions in improving bowel preparation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of video-based education on colonoscopy bowel preparation and contribute evidence to optimize patient compliance.

This study will develop and evaluate a mobile-based co-design intervention (CesiKids) to enhance psychosocial resilience in hospitalized adolescents aged 12-18 diagnosed with cancer. The program will be created using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory and designed in collaboration with nurses, recovered adolescents, and parents. A randomized controlled design will be used. The intervention group will participate in a four-week structured program, while the control group will receive standard care. Psychosocial resilience and coping outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. This research aims to offer an evidence-based, scalable model to support resilience among adolescents with cancer in clinical settings.

Both sexual experiences and the process of gender transition initiated to reduce gender dysphoria carry cultural characteristics. Gender categories, societal expectations for each gender, and attitudes toward sexual minorities in a given society can shape the lived experiences of trans individuals. Therefore, research on individuals with gender dysphoria in different cultural contexts is of great importance. To our knowledge, no study in Türkiye has examined sexual functioning in trans individuals undergoing gender transition. For this reason, our study aimed to investigate how sexual functioning is affected by the gender transition process in trans men with gender dysphoria, using both quantitative and qualitative methods.

This research; It was designed as a 3-stage study with the aim of evaluating the mobile game that will be developed to positively change the attitudes and perceptions of young people studying at Istanbul Bilgi University towards dating violence. The first phase of the research was designed in a cross-sectional pattern to determine young people's general attitudes towards dating violence and their perceptions towards dating violence. The second phase of the study was designed in a methodological pattern to include the development of a mobile game to positively change young people's general attitudes and perceptions towards dating violence and increase their awareness. The third phase of the study was designed with a randomized controlled experimental design to determine the effect of the developed mobile game on young people's general attitudes towards dating violence and their perceptions towards dating violence. In the study, "Socio-demographic Characteristics and Data Form" created by the researcher will be used to collect data, "Flirting Violence Attitude Scale" will be used to determine the general attitude towards dating violence, and "Flirting Violence Perception Scale" will be used to determine the perception of dating violence. "Socio-demographic Data Form", Dating Violence Attitude Scale and Dating Violence Perception Scale will be used in the second stage of the study to recruit participants to the study groups. Research data will be collected online by the researcher via Google surveys after the participants are informed about the research and their consent is obtained. In the third stage of the study, data will be collected in two separate processes: pre-test and post-test. The pre-test consists of the Sociodemographic Characteristics and Data Form, the Dating Violence Attitude Scale and the Dating Violence Perception Scale. The pre-test will be administered after oral and written consent of the participants included in the intervention and control groups is obtained. In the last test; The Dating Violence Attitude Scale and the Dating Violence Perception Scale will be used. The post-test will be administered after oral and written consent of the participants included in the study groups is obtained. A mobile game consisting of 8 episodes within the scope of dating violence based on the health belief model will be played to the intervention group and the final test will be applied to the same group 4 weeks later. There will be no intervention in the control group, and the final test will be administered 4 weeks later.