Clinical trials

Aproximately a third of persons older than 70 years lose physical function and ability to take care of themselves during a stay at a hospital. This is associated to an increased risk of readmission and mortality. Earlier research has shown that insufficient nutrition and physical activity during hospital stay, leading to a loss in muscle mass and strength, plays an important role in this fall in functionality. This study aims to examine if a structured and supervised resistance and mobility exercise intervention, can prevent this fall in functional ability during hospital stay among older patients. The Impact of nutritional status will be investigated by registrering caloric, protein and hydtrational intake during the study period.

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) describes undernutrition or imbalances in energy, protein, or other nutrient-needs, caused by a concomitant disease. Nutritional status plays a vital role in the fate of hospitalized patients, and DRM is associated with loss of function and decreased survival. DRM is a common condition in patients with acute illnesses, approximately 30% among medical inpatients are malnourished when admitteed to the hospital, and rise higher among the older or critically ill. Physiologically malnutrition is associated with a) poorer tissue healing and restitution after severe disease, b) suppressed immune function and resistance towards infections, c) poorer metabolic defense towards critical disease, d) delayed and poorer progress of chronic diseases. In addition, inadequate nutrition is coupled to a prolonged hospital stay, resulting in more readmissions, and overall higher mortality in hospital patients. Yet, nutritional status of patients upon hospital admittance is seldom systematically assessed and the consequences of DRM in older acutely admitted patients still needs to be understood. This project will provide a detailed description of nutritional, physiolgical, and biochemical status of 1500 acutely admitted patients. In relation, the study will investigate the relation between patient characteristics and disease progression. The obtained data will also be coupled to patient registers to investigate the link between length of hospital stay, readmissions and acute contact, and mortality.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the time efficiency and practical usability of three non-invasive skin imaging tools in adults (18 years and older) with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the most common type of skin cancer. The main questions it aims to answer are: How long does it take to perform each scan (optical coherence tomography, line-field confocal optical coherence tomography, and high-frequency ultrasound)? How comfortable is each scan for participants? How well do the imaging tools work across different areas of the body? Participants will undergo one study visit of approximately 40 minutes, during which three non-invasive skin scans are performed on the skin lesion. Each scan uses a different imaging tool. Participants will also complete a short questionnaire about their experience. No biopsies or other invasive procedures are performed as part of the study.

Photodamaged skin increases the risk of skin cancer, highlighting the need for preventive treatments. Laser-assisted drug delivery (LADD) using ablative fractional lasers (AFL) enhances topical drug delivery and has proven safe and effective. Integrating non-invasive optical imaging techniques with transcriptomic gene expression profiling enables evaluation of the response of different skin layers to such interventions. It is hypothesized that AFL-assisted delivery of biostimulators exerts synergistic regenerative effects on photodamaged skin, resulting in superior clinical, molecular, and morphological improvements, as well as enhanced epidermal and dermal remodeling, compared with either monotherapy alone. The study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the individual and combined effects of AFL and biostimulators on the regeneration of photodamaged skin through clinical assessments, non-invasive imaging, and transcriptomic analysis.

It is hypothesized that physiotherapy including a change in running landing pattern and surgical fasciotomy are equally good as treatment options for chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the anterior compartment of the lower leg. The endpoints/outcomes are: Change from week 0 (start of study) to week 12 (completion of intervention) in: patient reported outcome measure (PROM) (Exercise induced leg pain Questionnaire (EILP)). Secondary outcomes are: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score after an "exercise provocation test": Change in intracompartmental pressure (ICP)Change in muscle compartment compliance. Change in Global Rating of Change Score/Scale (GRC). Change in Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) The study is important because: 1. Results from recent studies suggest that physiotherapy represents a valid alternative to surgery for the treatment of CECS. Surgery is currently standard treatment and a change towards physiotherapy as primary treatment could potentially reduce both complication rates and costs. 2. Intracompartmental pressure (ICP) is gold standard for diagnosing CECS. However, the association between ICP and symptoms of CECS, both before and after physiotherapeutic and surgical treatment, muscle compartment compliance and intracompartmental perfusion, has not been thoroughly investigated.

This study investigates how energy availability affects performance, injury risk, and training outcomes in elite triathletes. Over two competitive seasons (2026-2027), 40 elite and sub-elite triathletes will be monitored through physiological tests, blood samples, and questionnaires. The goal is to identify markers of low energy availability and understand its impact on health and athletic performance. The study is observational and does not involve experimental treatments. Participants continue their regular training and diet while undergoing periodic assessments.

This study will investigating the effects of glucagon on renal blood flow in humans using MRI technology. Glucagon, a hormone produced by the pancreas, plays a key role in regulating blood sugar levels. It has been shown to affect renal function, including electrolyte balance and blood flow, especially in conditions like type 2 diabetes where abnormal glucagon levels are common. The study aims to understand how glucagon affects regional blood flow in the kidneys, specifically the cortex and medulla, and whether these effects are mediated by glucagon receptors. The study will be conducted on 10 healthy male participants aged 20-60 years. It involves three test days where participants will receive either glucagon, glucagon with a GLP-1 receptor antagonist, or placebo. Blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and other renal functions will be measured using MRI. The study seeks to clarify whether glucagon's effects on the kidneys are linked to changes in regional blood flow and to determine if these effects are mediated solely by glucagon receptors.

The study is a 2-week human study where 40 patients who are scheduled to undergo reconstructive knee surgery are randomized to administration of GH or placebo following or without neuromuscular electrical stimulation of hamstring muscles.The overall aim is to determine, the role of muscle connective tissue protein synthesis in muscle injury and repair.

The incidence of anal cancer is increasing, particularly among high-risk groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM), especially those living with HIV. The lack of comprehensive screening programs results in delayed diagnosis and higher mortality. This project aims to establish a screening program for anal cancer in high-risk populations, with a specific focus on those most at risk. Using a prospective study design, the project will assess the effectiveness of early detection and prevention strategies to potentially reduce cancer incidence and improve survival rates. If an HPV-based screening method proves effective, it would serve as a potential implemention for high-risk groups in Denmark, further enhancing early detection and prevention efforts. This study represents the first large-scale, prospective screening initiative for anal cancer in Denmark,specifically targeting MSM. It introduces a novel approach to cancer prevention in this population by building on research in other cancers and adapting it to anal cancer and its specific risk factors. The project is a collaboration between clinical practitioners and academic researchers, ensuring that practical clinical insights guide the research and that research findings are rapidly translated into clinical practice. This partnership will enhance both the quality of the research and its direct application in healthcare. The project is expected to lead to earlier diagnosis of anal cancer, reduced morbidity and mortality among high-risk populations, and the establishment of a screening model that can be applied nationwide. This could significantly reduce the overall healthcare burden associated with late-stage anal cancer and improve patient outcomes across Denmark.

Sedentary behaviour among medical inpatients is strongly associated with hospital-associated functional decline and poses a severe threat to patients' functional capacity and independency. High human and socioeconomic costs underline the urgency to find solutions to this world-wide problem. Objective: This multicentre study, including a total of 400 patients from Copenhagen, Aalborg, Tórshavn, and Nuuk, will assess the effect of a digital intervention that aims to reduce sedentary behaviour and increase physical activity in medical inpatients. Intervention: Digital feedback and nudging regarding the patients' physical activity levels to patients and healthcare staff Design: Stepped-wedge cluster randomised multicentre trial Primary outcome: Daily average time of patients' physical activity (minutes).

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate a new surgical approach to restore the anatomy of a ruptured Achilles tendon. We will use a new two-layer technique followed by rehabilitation and find out how it influence the patients clinical outcome, muscle and tendon structure, and function after one year and compare with a standard non-surgical approach followed by rehabilitation. Participants will be randomized to 1) NEWSUR: A new two-layer surgical technique followed by rehabilitation regime or 2) CONSER: A standard non-surgical treatment followed by rehabilitation . We hypothesize that restoring the anatomy of the ruptured mid-substance Achilles tendon using a new two-layer surgery technique followed by rehabilitation will yield a more favorable patient reported outcome (ATRS) one year after rupture compared to standard non-surgical treatment followed by rehabilitation.

The purpose of the study is to identify causes of chest pain in patients experiencing chest pain with no signs of narrowing of the coronary arteries of the heart, and to investigate whether physical exercise can improve coronary microvascular function. Hypotheses: The first hypothesis is that in INOCA, with reduced function of microvasculature of the heart, this reduced function also occurs in other organs of the body. The second hypothesis is that regular physical activity (aerobic exercise training) can improve coronary microvascular function, reduce symptoms, and that there is a parallel improvement in vascular function in other organs of the body.

Clavicle fractures are common and usually heal well without surgery. Most patients recover full shoulder function within a few weeks with conservative treatment, which is the standard in Denmark. However, in cases where the broken ends of the bone do not touch (displaced fractures), there is a higher risk of complications like non-healing (non-union), affecting 11-18% of such cases. Non-union can lead to long-term pain, reduced shoulder function, and a longer recovery time, often requiring multiple follow-up visits. While surgery might prevent these complications for some patients, operating on all displaced fractures would lead to overtreatment. The current challenge is identifying which patients are at risk for non-union and would benefit most from surgery. This study aims to investigate the risk factors for non-union in patients with displaced clavicle fractures by examining both patient characteristics and fracture-related factors. The goal is to use multiple data points to develop a score that can support clinicians and patients in shared decision-making regarding the optimal and individualized treatment for clavicle fractures. This research is important not only for clavicle fractures but also for understanding and treating non-union in other bones like the ulna and tibia, which face similar challenges.

The five risky lifestyles Smoking, Nutrition (obesity and malnutrition), risky Alcohol intake, and Physical inactivity (SNAP) are common in surgical patients and associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Mono-factor interventions targeting and improving these risky lifestyles have been shown to reduce the risk at surgery, but there is a lack of systematic assessment of all five lifestyles of the patient before surgery and related optimization. This study aims to evaluate the effect of intensive combined lifestyle interventions (the STRONG programme) compared with treatment as usual in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair on postoperative complications, health, and costs on short and longer term. The hypothesis is that the STRONG programme will halve the complication rates within 30 days.

Background: The fixation method of the acetabular component during the primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) affects the surgical techniques implemented in the revision surgery and may influence the risk of second revision. Objectives: The objectives of this study are to investigate the risk of second revision of the cup alone or any component after first cup revision following cemented or non-cemented cup in the primary THA. Methods/design: The study is a nationwide register-based cohort study and will follow the reporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely collected health Data (RECORD) guidelines. We will compare the risk of undergoing a second revision between cemented and uncemented revised acetabular component by reporting the absolute risk of second revision of 1) the acetabular component and 2) any other component. The cumulative incidence of revision will be estimated using Fine-Gray regression to model the cumulative incidence function, accounting for the competing risk of death. We will apply both a crude and a multivariable adjusted model adjusting for age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the 5-year intervals during which the primary operation was performed.

This randomized crossover study aims to validate measurements of renal perfusion in healthy males with PET/CT, using 15-oxygen labeled water as tracer, against the validated multiparametric MRI technique. The study will determine: * Total renal blood flow and regional renal perfusion at baseline (rest) and during isometric muscle exercise of the upper arm, using PET/CT (with 15-oxygen labeled water as a tracer) and MRI. * The coefficient of variation of renal blood flow and regional renal perfusion measurements at baseline and during isometric muscle exercise of the upper arm, using PET/CT (with 15-oxygen labeled water as a tracer) and MRI. * Regional renal oxygenation and oxygen extraction at baseline and during isometric muscle exercise of the upper arm using MRI. * The coefficient of variation on regional renal oxygenation and oxygen extraction measurements at baseline and during isometric muscle exercise of the upper arm using MRI.

The goal of this double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study is to examine the effect of semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA), on renal hemodynamics and function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study will determine the effects of semaglutide on: * Renal arterial blood flow, regional renal perfusion, and oxygenation * Activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) * The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) * Sodium excretion in urine * Blood pressure and heart rate

The purpose of the study is to identify the causes of chest pain in patients experiencing chest pain with no signs of narrowing in the coronary arteries of the heart.

Acute muscle strain injuries occur both during sports, in leisure time activities and during manual occupation and represent a major clinical challenge and has societal economic costs. The recovery time is long and a substantial injury recurrence is observed. Despite current best evidence rehabilitation with early mechanical loading, a significant loss of muscle mass, fatty infiltration and formation of scar tissue is reported. Animal models and human in vitro experiments suggest that inflammation is vital in the early period after an injury, however an inhibition of inflammatory processes is beneficial for healing. We investigate here whether a pharmacological inhibition of inflammatory pathways in the 2nd week following a muscle strain injury will provide a better clinical outcome and an advantageous cellular profile than rehabilitative training alone would.

The overall purpose of this proposed study is the understanding of cellular mechanisms involved in the pathologic fatty degeneration of muscle. Fatty infiltration in skeletal muscle is observed following sports injuries such as muscle strain injuries and Achilles tendon rupture. It is also observed in the degenerative state after rotator cuff tears as well as in the aging process. While fatty degeneration of skeletal muscle occurs in many different conditions and is known to decrease muscle function, the cellular processes involved in fatty infiltration have not been investigated in human muscle. Hypotheses: 1. There is a high amount of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) with an adipogenic pattern in pathologic skeletal muscle following a muscle strain injury and a full Achilles tendon rupture. We hypothesize that there is an increased number of FAPs with an adipogenic signature already in the acute phase after a strain injury, but a significantly higher number in the chronic stage as well as in the muscle following an Achilles tendon rupture. 2. Mechanical cues are a major driver of the phenotypic drift of FAPs. The lack of mechanical stimuli initiates the adoption of an adipogenic pathway in naïve FAPs, whereas naïve FAPs exposed to mechanical stimuli will maintain their undifferentiated phenotype. 3. The adherence of FAPs to a soft material will activate the adoption of an adipogenic phenotype, whereas a stiff material will favor a more fibrotic phenotype in naïve FAP's isolated from healthy skeletal muscle.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the effects of online medical education in PhD students. The main question it aims to answer is: What is the effect of onsite compared to online research courses on theoretical knowledge of research methodology and motivation for young medical researchers? Participants will join 20 research courses which are computer randomised to be delivered online (intervention) or onsite (control group) with 10-12 PhD students of each course (200-240 participants). Participants will be followed for up to two years after their course. The outcomes are * theoretical learning (main) * academic achievements * motivation * self-efficacy Researchers will compare online and onsite research courses to see if there is a difference in theoretical learning, academic achievements, motivation and self-efficacy.