Clinical trials

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of motivational interviewing added to a neuromuscular exercise and home exercise program on pain self-efficacy, exercise behavior, pain intensity, physical performance, and functional status in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Sixty individuals diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis will be randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group will receive motivational interviewing in addition to neuromuscular exercise and a home exercise program, whereas the control group will receive neuromuscular exercise and the same home exercise program. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and six weeks after the intervention.

This observational cross-sectional study aims to determine chronic pain phenotypes in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate the clinical characteristics associated with different pain phenotypes. Participants with MS and chronic pain will undergo a comprehensive clinical assessment to identify nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic, and mixed pain phenotypes. The assessment will include clinical history, pain characteristics and distribution, quantitative sensory testing, pain intensity, disease severity, fatigue, health-related quality of life, and pain catastrophizing. The clinical characteristics of participants with different pain phenotypes will subsequently be compared.

This observational cross-sectional study aims to determine pain phenotypes in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Participants will be classified according to a mechanism-based clinical pain phenotyping algorithm as having nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic, or mixed pain. Clinical history, quantitative sensory assessment, pain characteristics and distribution, central sensitization-related symptoms, disability, health-related quality of life, and pain catastrophizing will be assessed. In addition, the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the pain phenotyping algorithm will be investigated, and the clinical characteristics of different pain phenotypes will be compared.

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether the timing of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) relative to exercise influences clinical and autonomic outcomes in individuals with chronic neck pain. Participants will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: taVNS applied before exercise, taVNS applied after exercise, or exercise alone. All groups will receive a standardized exercise program designed for chronic neck pain. The intervention will be conducted over a 6- to 8-week period. The effects of the interventions will be evaluated using pain intensity, neck-related disability, sleep quality, heart rate variability, and exercise adherence. The study will determine whether applying taVNS before or after exercise provides additional benefits compared with exercise alone and whether the timing of stimulation influences treatment outcomes.

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Effective hypertension management requires medication adherence, lifestyle modification, regular blood pressure monitoring, and self-management behaviors. Motivational interviewing is a counseling approach that may support behavior change and improve hypertension management. This study aims to evaluate the effects of nurse-led individual motivational interviewing and family-involved motivational interviewing on blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. The study will be conducted as a single-center, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. A total of 180 patients with hypertension will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: usual care, individual motivational interviewing, or family-involved motivational interviewing. Participants in the intervention groups will receive a 6-week nurse-led motivational interviewing program. In the family-involved motivational interviewing group, a family member who supports hypertension management will also participate in the sessions. Data will be collected at baseline, 6 weeks, and 18 weeks. The primary outcome is systolic blood pressure. Secondary outcomes include diastolic blood pressure, hypertension knowledge level, treatment adherence, and hypertension self-efficacy.

Hemodialysis patients may experience dialysis-related distress due to long-term treatment requirements, dietary and fluid restrictions, medication use, vascular access problems, dialysis-related symptoms, and psychosocial challenges. Nurse-led self-management programs may help patients improve dialysis self-management, reduce distress, and support treatment adherence. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a nurse-led needs-based dialysis self-management program on dialysis-related distress in patients receiving hemodialysis. The study will be conducted as a single-center, two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. A total of 100 adult hemodialysis patients will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the intervention group will receive a 6-week nurse-led needs-based dialysis self-management program in addition to routine hemodialysis care. Participants in the control group will continue routine hemodialysis care. Data will be collected at baseline, 6 weeks, and 18 weeks. The primary outcome is dialysis-related distress. Secondary outcomes include illness and treatment uncertainty, treatment adherence, and clinical adherence indicators.

This study aimed to examine the effects of hemiplegic shoulder pain on upper extremity motor assessment, trunk control, fear of falling, mobility, and functional indepedence patients with stroke.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) phenotyping on responsiveness to clinical interventions in individuals with CTS.

This prospective, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study compares the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) versus bilateral Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB) in adult patients (45-85 years, ASA I-III) undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The primary outcome is postoperative pain intensity assessed by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include intraoperative fentanyl/remifentanil consumption, postoperative morphine consumption, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) demand/delivery parameters (if PCA is used), need for rescue analgesics, extubation and mobilization times, peak inspiratory flow measured by incentive spirometry at predefined time points, ICU and hospital length of stay, recovery quality (QoR-15 at 0, 24, and 48 hours), mortality, and block-related adverse events.

Physiotherapists, who hold a significant place in the healthcare sector, are at risk for mobbing and low levels of job satisfaction due to both demanding physical working conditions and emotional stress. This study was designed to investigate the mobbing exposure and job satisfaction levels of physiotherapists.

This study is a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (posterior tibial nerve stimulation, PTNS) in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) developing after stroke. Primary Hypothesis: PTNS therapy will significantly improve OAB symptoms in post-stroke patients compared to standard care/sham stimulation. Primary Outcome Measure: Change from baseline in Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) and/or frequency of urgency episodes as assessed after 12 weeks of treatment."

This study aims to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise therapy on quality of life, functional capacity, mood, and fatigue in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Additionally, the study investigates the impact of aerobic exercise on inflammatory markers, pain, and disease activity.

This randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) combined with exercise on pain, functional status, disability, and ultrasonographic findings in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain following stroke.

This study aims to investigate the effects of swaddling and cradling methods on pain and stress levels in newborn infants receiving respiratory support. Infants receiving respiratory support in the neonatal intensive care unit may experience stress and discomfort during treatment. In this study, two different care methods that help infants feel more comfortable and secure will be scientifically compared. Only one of the Swaddling or Nesting methods will be applied to the newborns participating in the study. These methods are comfort-enhancing care practices routinely used in neonatal intensive care that do not harm the baby. The newborn's heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen level, pain and stress symptoms will be closely and safely monitored by the healthcare team. A pain-free saliva sample will be collected to assess the newborn's stress level. It does not involve needles, does not hurt, and takes approximately 2 minutes. Pain and stress levels will be assessed in a multifaceted manner using clinical observation, physiological parameters, and saliva cortisol levels. The study aims to contribute to the strengthening of evidence-based non-pharmacological care practices in neonatal intensive care.

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of a nurse-led caregiver support program on caregiver competency and healthcare utilization among family caregivers of patients receiving home palliative care. Family caregivers in the intervention group will receive a structured 6-week nurse-led support program including face-to-face education, weekly telephone coaching, caregiver guidance materials, and decision support for symptom management and healthcare utilization. The control group will continue to receive routine home palliative care services. Primary outcome is caregiver competency. Secondary outcomes include caregiver burden, self-efficacy, patient symptom burden, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations.

Frailty is an important geriatric syndrome associated with reduced physiological reserve, functional decline, falls, hospitalization, and increased health care use among older adults. This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effect of a nurse-led telehealth-supported multicomponent frailty management program on frailty level and functional status in older adults living at home. The study will be conducted as a single-center, two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. A total of 100 older adults aged 65 years and older who are living at home and are frail or at risk of frailty will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the intervention group will receive an 6-week nurse-led telehealth-supported frailty management program, including weekly telephone counseling and individualized follow-up. Participants in the control group will continue usual care. Data will be collected at baseline, at 6 weeks, and at 18 weeks. The primary outcome is frailty level measured using the FRAIL Scale. Secondary outcomes include functional status, depressive symptoms, number of falls, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations.

Family caregivers play a central role in providing daily care for patients receiving home palliative care. However, caregiving responsibilities may lead to increased burden, stress, and difficulties in symptom management and care coordination. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions may provide accessible education, symptom monitoring, and decision-support resources to improve caregiver outcomes and patient care. The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health application developed for family caregivers of patients receiving home palliative care. The primary outcome is caregiver competence. Secondary outcomes include caregiver burden, self-efficacy, patient symptom burden, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations. A total of 120 family caregivers will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, which will use the mobile health application for 6 weeks in addition to usual care, or the control group, which will receive usual care alone. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention (Week 6), and follow-up (Week 18).

This study aims to evaluate the effects of autogenous grafts harvested from different palatal regions on the peri-implant mucosa when applied during second-stage dental implant surgery. Clinical, radiographic, and digital assessment methods will be used to investigate the early effects of these grafts on peri-implant mucosal width and thickness. In addition, peri-implant tissue health and patient-reported outcomes will be evaluated to compare the effectiveness of the grafting techniques in peri-implant soft tissue management.

This prospective, randomized, single-blind, assessor-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial aims to compare the effects of 970-nm diode laser and liquid nitrogen cryotherapy in patients requiring maxillary labial frenectomy. The primary objective is to compare the change in salivary cortisol levels from baseline to postoperative day 2 between the two treatment groups. Secondary objectives include comparison of postoperative pain, edema, interincisal mouth opening, analgesic consumption, operation duration, state anxiety, clinical wound healing, and adverse events. Eligible adult patients with an indication for maxillary labial frenectomy will be randomly assigned to receive either 970-nm diode laser frenectomy or liquid nitrogen cryotherapy. Salivary cortisol samples and clinical outcomes will be assessed during the early postoperative follow-up period.

This interventional clinical trial aims to investigate the effects of internal and external focus-based exercise training combined with cognitive dual-task training in individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The primary objective is to determine whether these exercise approaches improve gait, balance, and cognitive functions. The main research questions are: Does dual-task training combined with internal focus-based exercises improve gait, balance, and cognitive performance? Does dual-task training combined with external focus-based exercises lead to greater improvements compared to internal focus strategies? Participants will be divided into two groups, and the researchers will compare the effects of internal focus-based and external focus-based dual-task exercise training on functional outcomes. Participants will: Perform structured exercise sessions under the supervision of a physiotherapist Engage in dual-task activities by combining motor exercises with simple cognitive tasks (e.g., backward counting, word generation) Participate in an 8-week training program, with sessions held twice a week lasting approximately 45-60 minutes Undergo assessments of gait, balance, and cognitive function before and after the intervention This study does not involve invasive procedures or biological sample collection. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more effective dual-task rehabilitation strategies for individuals with multiple sclerosis.

Although it has been reported that these problems seen together with neck pain are related to functional limitations and disability, there is still insufficient evidence regarding the relationship between factors affecting functional status and chronic neck pain symptoms in individuals with chronic neck pain. Furthermore, a mixed methodology approach has not been used to comprehensively investigate this relationship. Identifying factors affecting functional status in CNP will help guide the prevention, treatment, and management of neck pain. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between functional status and psychosocial and bodily functions in CNP.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of motor imagery training on pain, functionality, proprioception and kinesiophobia in patients with partial rotator cuff tears. Participants will be randomly assigned to traditional physiotherapy and motor imagery groups. Interventions will be performed with a physiotherapist for a total of 20 sessions for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. The intervention program will be determined by the Specialist Physical Therapy Physician. Data will be collected before the study, at the end of the training in the 4th week and at the 8th week (follow-up evaluation). Motor imagery ability will be assessed with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ-R), pain will be assessed with the Numerical Assessment Scale for functionality with the DASH, proprioception will be assessed with the inclinometer and kinesiophobia will be assessed with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale.

In the literature, assessment questionnaires related to dyspnea measure beliefs about breathing-related symptoms but do not directly measure breath awareness. For this purpose, the Breath Vigilance Questionnaire (BVQ) is a subjective questionnaire developed from the Pain Awareness Questionnaire that directly measures breath-specific awareness and includes questions evaluating the interaction between conscious monitoring and control of breathing and anxiety. The questionnaire, consisting of 6 questions, was developed on healthy individuals and its validity and reliability were established. It uses a 5-point Likert scale from 1 (never) to 5 (always), with scores ranging from 6 to 30, and higher scores indicate higher breath awareness . The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Breath Vigilance Questionnaire will assist researchers in assessing dysfunctional breathing and developing treatment strategies by evaluating breath awareness. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version.

Delayed gastric emptying increases the risk of pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia. Diabetes mellitus and poor long-term glycemic control have been associated with impaired gastric motility. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a marker of long-term glycemic control; however, its relationship with gastric emptying in surgical patients is not fully understood. This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the association between HbA1c levels and gastric emptying using preoperative bedside gastric ultrasonography. Adult patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia will undergo gastric ultrasound examination after standard fasting. Gastric antral cross-sectional area and estimated gastric volume will be assessed and compared according to HbA1c levels. The findings of this study may help improve preoperative risk stratification for aspiration and support individualized anesthetic management in patients with impaired glycemic control.

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between motor imagery skills, body awareness and cognitive functions in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus.