Pulmonary Vascular Disease

The investigators aim to study the effect of liquid oxygen therapy (4l/min, nasal) )in Swiss residents with pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD) defined as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

The investigators aim to study the effect of liquid oxygen therapy (4l/min, nasal) )in Swiss residents with pulmonary vascular diseases (PVD) defined as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

To study the effect of a re-ascent to high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) after a one-week stay at sea level (after prior descent from 2850m) on lung function and pulmonary resistance/reactance in patients with pulmonary arterial disease PAH, who live permanently \> 2600m.

To study the effect of relocation from high altitude (Quito: 2850m) to sea level on six-minute walking distance and scores in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

To study the effect of a re-ascent after a one-week stay at sea level (after prior descent from 2850m) to high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) on pulmonary resistance (sPAP/CO) and other hemodynamic outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

To study the effect of relocation from high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) to sea level on pulmonary resistance (sPAP/CO) and other hemodynamic outcomes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

To study the effect of relocation from high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) to sea level and re-ascent from sea level to 2850m on heart rate variability and other hemodynamic parameters in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

To study the effect of relocation from high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) to sea level on sleeping parameters by polygraphy in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

To study the effect of a re-ascent after a one-week stay at sea level (after prior descent from 2850m) to high altitude (Quito Ecuador: 2850m) on six-minute walking distance and other scores in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension PAH, who live permanently \>2600m.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether pulmonary blood volume (PBV) derived from contrast echocardiography can serve as a non-invasive surrogate for invasive pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) during exercise. Also, to compare changes in PBV with exercise in patients with and without heart failure and pulmonary vascular disease.

The purpose of this study is to characterize pulmonary hemodynamic profiles, with a focus on PVR subtypes, in patients with left-sided valvular heart disease undergoing aortic or mitral valve intervention, and to identify patterns predicting reversibility of TR and RV dysfunction.

The goal is to compare patients with and without varying severity of pulmonary vascular disease based upon hemodynamic signatures, echocardiographic measures, and lung ultrasound, in tandem with expired gas metabolic testing and blood sampling.

Patients are being asked to be in this research study because medical researchers hope that by gathering information about a large number of children with pulmonary hypertension over time, their understanding of the disease process will increase and lead to better treatment. Investigators believe that pulmonary hypertension in children is different than pulmonary hypertension in adults and this study will help us understand those differences.