Clinical trials

This study evaluates respiratory recovery as a multidimensional construct using clinically relevant and measurable parameters, including LUS, diaphragmatic excursion, oxygen requirement, and PPCs. The investigators hypothesize that bilateral ESP block improves postoperative respiratory function compared with EOIP block following open hepatic surgery. The investigators further hypothesize that this improvement is mediated, in part, by superior analgesia.

This prospective observational diagnostic accuracy study investigates the efficacy of dynamic central venous oxygen saturation in predicting fluid responsiveness in septic shock, compared to measurements obtained using echocardiography (VTI) and cardiometry. We will correlate the changes in measuring cardiac output by both echocardiography and cardiometry with the changes in dynamic central venous oxygen saturation both at baseline and after fluid challenge to investigate the efficacy of dynamic central venous oxygen saturation in predicting fluid responsiveness in septic shock.

The study aimed to determine the effects of using varied doses of DEX on the concentration of bupivacaine injected for epidural labor analgesia, and to assess the benefits of the dural puncture epidural.

This study aimed for Determination of the impacts of deep neuromuscular blockade (DNMB) on surgical outcomes, consumption of perioperative opioid analgesia, and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in comparison to moderate NMB (MNMB).

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic oral diseases worldwide and remains a major public health concern. The disease begins with microscopic demineralization of enamel, which is reversible if diagnosed at an early stage. Therefore, early detection of carious lesions is essential to implement preventive and minimally invasive treatment strategies before irreversible tooth destruction occurs.

This prospective observational diagnostic accuracy study investigates the efficacy of the hepatic vein systolic filling fraction (SFF) as a real-time, non-invasive indicator of right ventricular (RV) systolic function in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

This randomized crossover clinical trial aims to compare the accuracy and scanning efficiency of two digital techniques for recording implant positions in completely edentulous patients receiving implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Each participant will undergo digital impressions using both a non-calibrated splinting scan body system (IoConnect) with an intraoral scanner and a mobile phone-based photogrammetry system (T-Marker). The order of the two scanning methods will be randomized. The primary outcome is the accuracy (trueness) of implant position recording, assessed by comparing each digital impression with a verified reference model. Secondary outcomes include the time required to complete each digital impression. The findings of this study may help determine whether these digital workflows provide accurate and efficient alternatives for complete-arch implant impressions, thereby supporting clinical decision-making in implant prosthodontics.

This will be a Prospective, randomized, open- label, parallel-group, center trial, which will include 80 of Children which will be admitted at Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Menoufia university Hospital from August 2026 to Mars 2027. Aim of the study will be: 1. Compare the incidence of clinically significant catheter-related complications (catheter occlusion requiring intervention or catheter-related thrombosis) within 14 days after CVL insertion between children receiving prophylactic anticoagulation and those receiving standard care. 2. Compare time-to- first catheter occlusion. 3. Compare rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CLABSI) within 30 days. 4. Compare number of catheter manipulations and unplanned catheter removals. 5. Compare major and minor bleeding events. 6. Assess catheter dwell time and need for thrombolysis or therapeutic anticoagulation.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce intraoperative anxiety and postoperative agitation in elderly patients undergoing elective hip arthroplasty under regional anesthesia. Half of the patients will experience an immersive, calming nature-based VR environment during the surgery, while the control group will receive standard care.

The aim of the study will be to to evaluate whether therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) reduces mortality in critically ill children with severe sepsis or septic shock compared to the standard care of sepsis alone. The study population will be divided into two groups, the first group will receive standard sepsis management plus therapeutic plasma exchange and the second one will receive the standard sepsis management alone . Then we will assess the effect of TPE on : Severity of organ dysfunction (pSOFA score) , duration of vasopressor support , length of PICU stay, time to hemodynamic stabilization , and on inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers

The aim of the study will be to compare the efficacy of daily plasma exchange (PLEX) versus alternate-day PLEX in achieving a favorable functional outcome in children with autoimmune encephalitis. The study population will be divided into two groups, the first group will perform PLEX on consecutive days and the second one will perform it every other day. Then, A Favorable functional outcome measure defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ≤ 2. The mRS will be assessed by a blinded assessor at the end of the sessions to determine which method has superior efficacy in treatment of autoimmune encephalitis.

Shoulder surgery causes significant postoperative pain, and ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is central to its management. The interscalene block (ISB) is the gold standard but frequently causes phrenic nerve paralysis and hemi-diaphragmatic paresis, limiting its use in patients with reduced pulmonary reserve. The suprascapular (SSNB) and costoclavicular (CCB) blocks are proposed diaphragm-sparing alternatives, but data directly comparing all three are limited. This randomised, double-blinded trial will compare the incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis among ultrasound-guided ISB, SSNB, and CCB in elective shoulder surgery. Seventy-five ASA I-II patients aged 18-70 will be allocated 1:1:1 to one block. The primary outcome is the incidence of hemi-diaphragmatic paresis, measured by ultrasound diaphragmatic excursion before induction and after recovery in the PACU. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, and patient satisfaction. The investigators hypothesise that SSNB and CCB will cause less hemidiaphragmatic paresis than ISB while providing comparable analgesia.

This prospective comparative clinical study evaluated the accuracy and chairside time of complete-arch implant scans obtained using an intraoral photogrammetry system and a mobile-phone-based photogrammetry system in edentulous patients rehabilitated with complete-arch implant-supported prostheses. Implant positions recorded by each system were compared with a reference dataset to assess linear and angular discrepancies. The chairside time required for data acquisition was also measured. The study aimed to determine whether mobile-phone-based photogrammetry can provide clinically acceptable accuracy comparable to that of intraoral photogrammetry while improving clinical efficiency. The findings may help clinicians select appropriate digital impression techniques for complete-arch implant rehabilitation.

This prospective clinical study aims to evaluate the clinical performance of digitally assisted immediate implant placement and immediate loading in geriatric patients. The study will assess biological outcomes, including implant survival and marginal bone level changes, as well as mechanical complications and primary stability progression. Additionally, patient-reported outcomes such as pain, functional improvement, and esthetic satisfaction will be evaluated using visual analog scales. A fully digital workflow incorporating CBCT, intraoral scanning, and guided surgery will be utilized to enhance treatment accuracy and efficiency. Patients will be followed for 12 months to determine the predictability and effectiveness of this treatment approach in the elderly population.

This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the clinical performance of 3D-printed resin restorations compared with milled monolithic zirconia in implant-supported single crowns and short-span fixed partial dentures (FPDs). A total of patients requiring one or two implant-supported restorations in the mandibular anterior region were randomly allocated to receive either 3D-printed permanent resin restorations (CROWNTEC) or conventionally milled zirconia prostheses. All restorations were fabricated using a standardized digital workflow and assessed over a 12-month follow-up period. The primary outcome was restoration survival rate, while secondary outcomes included technical complications, peri-implant biological parameters, marginal bone level changes, and patient-reported satisfaction. This study aims to provide clinical evidence regarding the viability of 3D-printed definitive resin materials as an alternative to zirconia in implant prosthodontics.

Sleeve gastrectomy is a leading technique in metabolic \& bariatric surgery. It gained ever-increasing popularity among laparoscopic bariatric surgeries and has proved to be a successful method in achieving considerable weight loss in a short time . Postoperative pain management can be obtained by opioids, opioid free analgesics and/or regional blocks. Regional techniques, like Transverse abdominis plane block (TAP) blocks or Modified Thoracoabdominal Nerve Block through perichondrial approach (M-TAPA), offer targeted pain relief, reduce the need for opioids, and promote faster recovery. Compared to systemic opioids, regional blocks are more effective in managing postoperative pain while minimizing complications and enhancing recovery after surgery . M-TAPA was developed by Tulgar et al. as a targeted method for managing postoperative pain in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. This innovative technique utilizes a perichondrial approach, where a local anesthetic is administered to the lower surface of the chondrium . This method is particularly beneficial because it allows the anesthetic to spread widely, effectively covering multiple dermatomal levels, specifically T5 and T11-12. The diffusion of the local anesthetic across the linea semilunaris contributes to a broader analgesic effect, which is crucial for comprehensive pain management in this surgical context . The feasibility of doing the block in a supine position is making it a practical option for both patients and surgeons during procedures. This accessibility can streamline the surgical workflow and enhance patient comfort . Moreover, it plays a great role in Enhanced Recovery After Bariatric Surgery (ERABS) protocols . Twenty, 25, and 30-mL volumes of 0.25% bupivacaine per side were used in case reports and single-group studies . However, so far no available studies compared different volumes of M-TAPA block abdominal surgeries. The aim of this study is to assess the perioperative analgesic efficacy of different volumes of Modified Thoracoabdominal Perichondrial Approach (M-TAPA) in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy to determine the optimal volume for effective pain control and reduced opioid use.

To evaluate and compare clinical effectiveness (operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, complications and etc) and cost analysis' between laparoscopic nephrectomy and open nephrectomy .

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, leading to organ dysfunction. Septic shock, a severe form of sepsis, is characterized by persistent hypotension and cellular/metabolic abnormalities despite adequate fluid resuscitation. It is associated with high mortality rates globally, necessitating timely diagnosis and treatment. Fluid resuscitation and vasopressor use are cornerstones of management, but they must be tailored to the individual to prevent complications such as fluid overload.

This retrospective study will evaluate the clinical performance of maxillary All-on-X(full-arch implant-supported rehabilitation) implant rehabilitation using stackable guided surgery and immediate loading. Implant survival and peri-implant outcomes will be assessed over a 2-year follow-up, with regression analysis will be used to investigate the influence of surgical and prosthetic variables, including basal seating guide design.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered the treatment of choice for management of large renal calculi larger than 2 cm based on the yearly updated European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. However, PCNL is a challenging procedure which may be associated with several complications ranging from mild complications, such as urinary extravasation, leakage, infection and bleeding requiring transfusion to sever complications, such as sepsis, injury to surrounding organs, persistent hematuria and renal function impairment. The overall complication rate varies based on patient factors and surgical expertise. Not only serious complications that defer some endourologists from performing PCNL but also such procedure is contraindicated and avoided by surgeons in cases of retrorenal colon, morbidly obese patients, spinal abnormalities and bleeding diathesis. Therefore, retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) or flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) is increasingly recognized as an effective alternative, particularly for patients seeking a minimally invasive approach with a lower risk of complications. The best practice in dealing with renal stones using FURS can be achieved via preoperative stenting for 2-4 weeks, negative urine culture, ureteral access sheath (UAS) usage and optimizing laser settings. Compared to PCNL, FURS is a less challenging procedure with low learning curve, less invasive and less bleeding. However, the high cost, including laser usage cost, presenting costs and multisession costs, in addition to the high risk of postoperative infection are considered as major drawbacks of FURS. RIRS is emerging as an effective, safe, minimally invasive alternative to PCNL. Yet, the success of RIRS in comparison to PCNL, especially in a single session, is still questionable and there is no consensus about it.

The goal of this study is to compare two different prostate biopsy techniques used to detect prostate cancer. These techniques are cognitive-targeted biopsy (CTB) and magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound fusion-targeted transrectal biopsy (FTB). Both methods aim to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer detection by targeting suspicious areas identified on prostate imaging. This study will compare how accurately each technique detects prostate cancer, the pathological findings obtained from each biopsy method, and how operator performance may influence the procedure. The information gained from this study may help improve prostate cancer diagnosis and guide future biopsy practices.

Participants with bite difficulties, smile dissatisfaction, and missing mandibular molars was rehabilitated using a fully digital, facially driven workflow. Integration of intraoral, facial, and CBCT data guided esthetic design, occlusion, and implant planning, resulting in precise alignment, functional occlusion, and esthetic restoration with veneers, zirconia crowns, TAD-assisted molar intrusion, and guided implants.

Indwelling Double J (DJ) ureteral stents are commonly used following lithotripsy to ensure adequate urinary drainage and prevent obstruction. However, stent-related biofilm formation remains a significant clinical problem, contributing to infection, encrustation, patient discomfort, and stent failure. Biofilms consist of microbial communities embedded within an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), which protects microorganisms from host defenses and antimicrobial agents. Antibiotic therapy alone may be insufficient to eradicate established biofilms due to poor penetration into the EPS matrix. Linezolid is a potent antibiotic with activity against gram-positive organisms commonly implicated in urinary tract colonization and penetrate and effectively act against bacterial biofilms. Mucolytic agents, by disrupting the biofilm matrix, may enhance antimicrobial penetration and reduce biofilm burden. The combination of an antibiotic with a mucolytic agent may therefore provide superior biofilm reduction compared to either approach alone or no treatment.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) is an established minimally invasive treatment for renal stones, particularly for lower calyceal stones less than 2 cm, offering acceptable stone-free rates with low morbidity. However, stone clearance in the lower calyx remains technically challenging due to unfavorable anatomy, limited scope deflection, and gravity-dependent fragment retention. Patient positioning during RIRS has been suggested as a modifiable factor that may influence endoscopic access, stone relocation, and surgical ergonomics. The lithotomy position is conventionally used during RIRS, while the lateral position has been proposed to facilitate stone migration and improve lower calyceal access through gravitational assistance. Existing studies comparing patient positioning during RIRS are limited, with most evidence derived from retrospective analyses or non-randomized designs. Therefore, this randomized controlled trial aims to compare lithotomy versus lateral positioning during RIRS for lower calyceal stones less than 2 cm in terms of operative and clinical outcomes.

This prospective clinical study evaluated the 3-year performance of mandibular implant-supported overdentures (IODs) placed using a fully guided static computer-assisted implant surgery (CAIS) protocol. Primary outcomes included implant survival, peri-implant soft tissue health, and marginal bone loss. Findings provide evidence for the predictability of digital surgical workflows in removable prosthodontics.