Regional Anesthesia

This prospective, randomized, single-center, single-blind study aims to evaluate the effects of video-based preoperative education on physician trust, postoperative pain, anxiety, and opioid consumption in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Sixty-two ASA I-II patients aged 18-65 years will be randomized into two groups: standard verbal information alone or verbal information plus a standardized educational video regarding ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block. All patients will receive standardized general anesthesia, multimodal analgesia, and bilateral TAP block. The primary outcome will be physician trust assessed at postoperative 24 hours using the Trust in Physician Scale. Secondary outcomes include preoperative anxiety measured with the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, rescue analgesic requirement, and postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence. The study hypothesizes that video-based education will improve physician trust and perioperative patient-centered outcomes.

This is a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial aiming to evaluate the effects of different regional anesthesia/analgesia techniques on postoperative knee range of motion (ROM) and patient satisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Ninety patients undergoing elective TKA under spinal anesthesia will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: 1) spinal anesthesia with epidural catheter, 2) spinal anesthesia followed by adductor canal catheterization, and 3) spinal anesthesia with multimodal intravenous analgesia. The primary outcome is postoperative knee joint ROM measured on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3. Secondary outcomes include patient satisfaction, Oxford Knee Score, postoperative opioid consumption, and VAS scores. The study is conducted at Konya City Hospital and will be completed over a 6-month period.

Effective postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery is essential for maternal recovery, early mobilization, breastfeeding, and maternal-infant bonding. Although intrathecal morphine (ITM) is considered the gold standard for post-cesarean analgesia, its use is associated with opioid-related adverse effects. Ultrasound-guided lateral quadratus lumborum block (QLB-I) has emerged as a promising alternative. This randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority trial aims to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of lateral QLB-I with ITM. Secondary outcomes include postoperative opioid consumption, pain scores, opioid-related adverse effects, quality of recovery (ObsQoR-11T), and maternal satisfaction.

Hypotheses The investigators hypothesize that a communication delay of 80 seconds compared to no delay will be associated with longer procedural times and decreased quality during brachial plexus block scanning. Secondly, the communication delay will be associated with more errors in treatment and a delay of essential treatments in a medical emergency. Background The near future will see crewed missions in deep space. As the number of people travelling to space increases, so will the chances of traumatic injury and other medical emergencies. Given many changes to body systems in microgravity and the scarcity of equipment and personnel in space, treating medical emergencies is already very difficult. Because most pain medications interfere with cognition, and general anesthesia would be very risky in these conditions, regional anesthesia ('nerve blocks') has been suggested as a less risky alternative. However, nerve blocks are highly specialized skills and responding to medical emergencies in general requires extensive medical training, it is likely that astronauts will require guidance from earth-based physicians. As crews venture deeper into space, the ability of teams to communicate in real time with earth-based medical teams decreases. For missions to the moon, communication delays of 3 to 160 seconds in each direction are expected. In the event of a medical emergency, space crews may require consultation with ground teams. The investigators predict that this communication delay will impact task duration, create opportunities for miscommunication and potentially result in higher rates of complications. Objectives * Quantify the difference (communication delay versus no delay) in time to identify critical structures while scanning brachial plexus block sonoanatomy and time to essential treatment during a medical emergency. * Quantify the difference (communication delay versus no delay) in quality and ease of imaging while scanning brachial plexus block sonoanatomy. * Quantify the difference in completeness of emergency treatment using a composite measure (communication delay versus no delay). * Describe the challenges and solutions for team functioning and remote mentorship when a communication delay exists. Methods This is a within-subjects, mixed-methods, simulation-based randomized study. Regional anesthesia novices (medical students) and Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) medical technicians or CAF nurses will be recruited and given a 4-hour training session on the basics of brachial plexus blocks and their complications. Participants will be placed in teams of 3, participating in two simulation scenarios. Once the team enters the simulation space, they will be able to ask for assistance from a "remote" team of experts. Teams will be guided through identifying the sonoanatomy for brachial plexus blocks and responding to a complication from placing a peripheral nerve block. Every team will complete both the no communication delay and 80-second communication delay. Teams will be randomly assigned the order in which they perform each condition. Time to "block" (when the participant identifies where they would place the local anesthetic) and time to essential treatments during an emergency will be recorded. Participants will rate the ease of ultrasound image acquisition and ease of communication, while the expert team will rate the quality of the ultrasound images and the ease of communication. Quantitative outcomes will be analyzed using univariate statistics. After the scenario, teams will debrief the scenario with a focus on communication, safe identification of target nerves and their ability to respond to a complication. Transcriptions of the debriefing sessions will be analyzed for themes using qualitative analysis.

Despite adequate control of disease activity with standard medical therapies, there remains an ongoing need for complementary and interventional approaches for the management of persistent back pain in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Although the erector spinae plane block has been described in the literature as a safe and effective analgesic intervention for chronic back pain in various patient populations, to the best of our knowledge, no clinical study has specifically evaluated its use for persistent back pain in patients with ankylosing spondylitis receiving medical treatment. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the effects of erector spinae plane block on pain severity and clinical outcomes in patients with ankylosing spondylitis whose disease activity is controlled under treatment but who continue to experience persistent back pain.

This prospective observational single-center study will compare the effects of ultrasound-guided meta-PENG block and suprainguinal fascia iliaca plane block in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia. Hip fracture surgery can cause significant pain before, during, and after the operation. Regional anesthesia techniques may help reduce pain, improve positioning for spinal anesthesia, decrease the need for additional analgesics, and support earlier mobilization. Patients included in the study will be adults scheduled for hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia. According to routine clinical practice and the anesthesiologist's decision, patients will receive either ultrasound-guided meta-PENG block or ultrasound-guided suprainguinal fascia iliaca plane block. The study will not assign patients to a treatment group by randomization. The main outcome will be pain during positioning for spinal anesthesia, measured using the Numeric Rating Scale. Additional outcomes will include postoperative pain at rest and during activity, additional analgesic consumption, patient satisfaction, mobilization time, and length of hospital stay.

Effective postoperative pain management is essential after thoracic surgery. Insufficient pain control may impair breathing and coughing, increasing the risk of pulmonary complications such as collapsed lungs (atelectasis) or pneumonia. Although minimally invasive lung surgery (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, VATS) is less painful than open surgery, people can still have significant pain after the operation. The goal of this randomized comparative study is to compare two commonly used regional anesthesia techniques for pain control after VATS in adults. Researchers will compare an ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB), performed by anesthesiologists, to a thoracoscopically-guided intercostal nerve block (ICNB), performed by surgeons. Participants will: * Undergo elective VATS lung resection surgery * Receive either ESPB or ICNB, according to random assignment * Have the received amount of analgesics recorded during the first 24 hours * Have their pain levels assessed at predefined time points after surgery The main questions this study aims to answer are: * Does ESPB result in similar analgesic consumption in the first 24 hours after surgery? * Does ESPB provide similar postoperative pain relief compared to ICNB? * Is the time needed to perform ESPB similar to ICNB?

This prospective, observational, non-interventional study aims to evaluate the effect of gestational weight gain on regional anesthesia characteristics in pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean delivery. No additional intervention, medication, or procedure beyond routine clinical care will be performed. Participants will be classified according to gestational weight gain categories based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 guidelines, and spinal anesthesia block characteristics, hemodynamic responses, and perioperative outcomes will be assessed.

This randomized controlled trial aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of bilateral ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus bilateral external oblique intercostal plane (EOI) block in patients undergoing open cholecystectomy. Patients will be randomly allocated into two groups to receive either ESPB or EOI block in addition to standard general anesthesia. The primary outcome is postoperative pain score assessed using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) at 2 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include intraoperative opioid consumption, postoperative nalbuphine requirements, time to first analgesic request, and hemodynamic changes. This study seeks to determine the more effective regional anesthesia technique for improving perioperative analgesia in open cholecystectomy.

Effective postoperative analgesia is critical for patient recovery, satisfaction, and the reduction of hospital stay duration. Continuous peripheral nerve blocks (CPNB) via catheter placement represent a cornerstone in achieving these objectives. Traditionally, follow-up for these patients has relied on standardized telephone protocols conducted by trained personnel. Original previous research in 2024 demonstrated that an automated text-messaging platform was feasible and maintained high patient satisfaction, it resulted in a significantly higher rate of unscheduled patient-initiated inquiries (28.3% vs. 6.4%) compared to traditional phone calls, likely due to a lack of adaptive response capabilities. Objective: This study aims to evaluate an enhanced technological iteration of our follow-up platform. By integrating an Artificial Intelligence (AI) interface trained on specialized clinical protocols, the new system is designed to provide automated, personalized and adaptive recommendations to patients. Methods and Intervention: The study will compare the effectiveness of this AI-driven platform against the previous version of the non-adaptive automated messaging system. The primary outcome is to compare the number of patient-initiated inquiries (re-consultations). Secondary outcomes include patient satisfaction, adherence to the follow-up protocol, and response rates from postoperative days one through three. Impact: The investigators hypothesize that the integration of AI will optimize human resources and improve patient autonomy without compromising safety or satisfaction, ultimately providing a scalable model for postoperative regional analgesia monitoring.

This randomized, double-blind clinical trial aims to compare the effectiveness of the Deep Iliacus Plane Block (DIPB) and the Suprainguinal Fascia Iliaca Block (SIFIB) for postoperative pain control in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty. Effective analgesia after hip surgery is essential for early mobilization, reduction of complications, and improved recovery outcomes. Seventy patients scheduled for elective hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia will be randomly assigned to receive either DIPB or SIFIB at the end of surgery. Postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, motor block, and block-related complications will be evaluated over a 48-hour period. The study aims to determine whether DIPB provides superior or comparable analgesia with reduced motor blockade compared to SIFIB, thereby contributing to safer and more comprehensive postoperative pain management in hip surgery patients.

This prospective observational study aims to evaluate and compare the sensory block distribution and regression patterns of two regional anesthesia techniques - External Oblique Plane Block (EOPB) and Serratus Intercostal Plane Block (SIPB) - in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Thirty adult patients (ASA I-III, BMI ≤ 35 kg/m², ≥50 kg) scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures will be included, with 20 in each block group. Sensory block areas will be assessed using pinprick test, and dermatomal mapping will visualize the spread. The findings are expected to improve understanding of block behavior and guide multimodal analgesia strategies in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Parkinson's disease is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system, particularly impairing movement control. It is associated with the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain and typically occurs in middle age and beyond. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is considered when symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremors, slowed movements, and muscle rigidity, are not adequately controlled with medications. Selected patients with severe symptoms that do not respond to medical treatment are generally considered for this treatment. Battery revision surgeries can be performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia. Patients undergoing general anesthesia should be cautious about the potential complications of general anesthesia, while those undergoing regional anesthesia should be cautious about the local anesthetic systemic toxicity. Because each method has its own advantages, the choice of anesthesia may vary. This study aimed to compare postoperative analgesic efficacy and patient satisfaction in patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia or sedation-assisted battery replacement under regional anesthesia. Both anesthesia methods are routinely used in Parkinson's disease patients undergoing battery replacement.

This is a multicenter, prospective, observational study aimed at determining the incidence of neurological and non-neurological complications following locoregional anesthesia procedures. The study will collect data on events such as nerve injury, hematoma, pneumothorax, and local anesthetic systemic toxicity.

This prospective, randomized clinical study aims to compare the analgesic efficacy of the interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block and the serratus posterior superior intercostal plane block for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. Both techniques are ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia methods targeting different interfascial planes of the thoracic wall. The study will evaluate postoperative pain scores, opioid consumption, Quality of recovery and potential complications. The findings are expected to contribute to optimizing regional anesthesia strategies for enhanced recovery and improved analgesia following breast cancer surgery.

Skin donor sites in patients undergoing split-thickness skin grafting surgeries can be very painful postoperatively. This site is most often the anterolateral thigh, the pain at which location can traditionally be covered by a fascia iliaca nerve block, although that comes with the disadvantage of losing motor functions in the femoral nerve distribution. The LAM nerve block, which is relatively new, aims to provide analgesia in the distribution of the lateral and anterior femoral cutaneous nerves. In short, this nerve block would decrease the sensation of the anterolateral thigh area without affecting the motor function of the leg. Investigators aim to study the consistency and coverage size of sensation changes by mapping out the area after the block in each patient.

The goal of this observational study is to learn about the analgesic efficacy and postoperative recovery of two locoregional anesthesia combinations in patients \> 18 years (ASA I-III), scheduled for unilateral TKA under spinal anesthesia with expected hospitalization \> 24 hours: * ACB + sacral ESP block * ACB + iPACK block The main question it aims to answer is: Does the ACB + sacral ESP block combination produce effective postoperative recovery and analgesic effect? Participants already taking ACB + sacral ESP block as part of their regular peri-operative care for TKA will be followed in the postoperative period for 48 hours.

Regional anaesthesia combined with general anaesthesia has become common in the perioperative management of breast cancer surgery patients. Regional techniques have been recognised to provide excellent post-operative analgesia. It enhances multi-modal analgesia regimes while being opioid sparing, reducing incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting and allowing earlier mobilisation/discharge and improving treatment success. Therefore identifying the correct regional anaesthetic technique for this group of patients is important in providing optimum peri-operative care.

This study compares lidocaine alone vs. lidocaine with dexmedetomidine in Intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA) for upper limb surgery in terms of pain scores and duration of analgesia

Analgesia related to the administration of local anesthetic solution into the fascia of erector spinae muscle is mediated by the effect of local anesthetic on the posterior and lateral branches of the anterior part of the spinal nerve. Comparable analgesic efficiency after the administration of both nerve blocks would reject the widespread theory of the paravertebral site of effect of the local anesthetic in ESPB.

Regional anesthesia is a cornerstone in modern surgical practices due to its ability to provide effective pain management and reduce reliance on general anesthesia. Traditional landmark-based techniques, widely used due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness, rely on surface anatomy and palpation to guide needle placement. However, these techniques are associated with a higher risk of complications, including failed blocks and nerve injuries. Ultrasound-guided techniques have emerged as a safer, more precise alternative, offering real-time visualization of anatomical structures. Studies suggest that ultrasound guidance improves the success rate, reduces procedural time, and minimizes complications. Despite global advancements in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia, limited research addresses its efficacy and safety specifically in Egyptian patients, whose unique anatomical and physiological characteristics may influence outcomes. This study seeks to fill this knowledge gap and provide evidence-based guidance tailored to this population, focusing on brachial plexus blocks.

The present study will be conducted involving 40 patients aged 18-65 years with ASA physical status I and II, scheduled for acute or elective hand or forearm surgery under the lateral infraclavicular block. Patients will be divided into two groups based on smoking status: Group I (non-smokers) and Group II (smokers who smoke ≥20 cigarettes/day for over 1 year). Using a high-frequency linear ultrasound transducer, the axillary artery, vein, and the three nerve cords will be identified in the lateral infraclavicular region. After disinfection with ethanol-chlorhexidine, a sterile drape will be placed, and the attending anesthesiologist will perform the ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block with a triple injection technique. A total of 10 mL of bupivacaine 0.25% and prilocaine 0.05% will be injected at all three nerve cords. The primary outcome will be the sensory blockade onset time, while secondary outcomes will include the duration of sensory and motor blockade, motor blockade onset time, time to first postoperative rescue analgesia, and total consumption of rescue analgesia. Postoperative pain will be assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) within the first 24 hours at intervals of 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours. If VAS exceeds 30 cm, rescue analgesia with 0.05 mg/kg intravenous morphine sulfate will be administered.

One treatment option of internal carotid artery stenosis is open surgical endarterectomy. The operation is frequently carried out under regional plexus anesthesia, allowing the patient to remain awake during the procedure. This approach offers the advantage of monitoring for neurological changes during carotid artery clamping, allowing the surgical team to immediately respond by placing a shunt to ensure cerebral perfusion. As a result, performing surgery under regional anesthesia provides therefor a benefit. However, for patients, the procedure, which can last up to two hours or longer in some cases, may pose a significant burden. The fixed position, inability to move, sterile drapes over the face, manipulation by the surgical team, and anxiety about potential complications are just a few of the factors that may distress patients during the operation. Increased sweating and reports of substantial subjective distress are not uncommon if the procedure is performed under local anesthesia. In many medical fields, devices and therapies are now being utilized to reduce patient stress in the perioperative setting. In procedures performed under local or regional anesthesia, such as in orthopedics or dentistry, efforts are being made to make operations more tolerable and less stressful for patients. For example, music and video goggles are employed to entertain and distract patients during the intervention. Newer approaches using video googles appear in more and more fields to reduce distress. Especially in vascular surgery and particularly in carotid surgery, the use of audiovisual distraction during the procedure has not been implemented to our knowledge, and its benefits remain undocumented. Because of the special setting and burden for the patients it is highly necessary to test these devices in carotid surgery and explore potential benefits for these patients.

Choice of local anesthetics is the major determinant of the characteristics of a peripheral nerve block. Short acting local anesthetics while provides faster onset suffer from shorter duration. On the other hand, long acting local anesthetics while provides long duration suffered from long onset time. The ideal local anesthetics should provide faster nerve block onset while providing reasonable duration to provide sustained postoperative analgesia. Mixing short and long acting local anesthetics for nerve blocks may appear to be the solution however previous published studies have demonstrated similar onset time to long acting local anesthetics and with reduced duration. Recently, the London Health Sciences Centre established an ambulatory surgical centre. Fast onset peripheral nerve block is desirable. Previous studies have not looked at popliteal sciatic block and anecdotally we feel addition of short acting local anesthetics appear to speed up onset. We are therefore interested in conducting a randomize trial to determine whether mixing short and long acting local anesthetics can speed up onset of surgical quality block.

Peripheral nerve blocks are often used in anaesthesia. They can be used as the only method of anaesthesia during surgery or in combination with other methods, e.g., general anaesthesia and sedation. Moreover, peripheral nerve blocks are used to treat postoperative pain, alleviate pain in trauma patients, and for painful procedures. For a method to be clinically useful, it is essential to understand the factors contributing to high success rates. It is equally important to know the complications related to the method. Finally, it is essential to establish a robust learning system where the anesthesiologists can track their nerve block performance over time and compare it to high performers and general performance. Therefore, we aim to establish a prospective and ongoing database to gain insight into 1) Factors contributing to block quality, e.g., success rate and nerve block duration; 2) Frequencies and types of nerve injuries and bleeding complications associated with the block procedure; 3) Tracking of block performance by anaesthesiologists.